代码实现
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>快速入门</title> </head> <body> <!-- 视图 --> <div id="div"> {{msg}} </div> </body> <script src="js/vue.js"></script> <script> // 脚本 new Vue({ el:"#div", data:{ msg:"Hello Vue" } }); </script> </html>Vue 核心对象:每一个 Vue 程序都是从一个 Vue 核心对象开始的。
let vm = new Vue({ 选项列表; });选项列表 el选项:用于接收获取到页面中的元素。(根据常用选择器获取)。 data选项:用于保存当前Vue对象中的数据。在视图中声明的变量需要在此处赋值。 methods选项:用于定义方法。方法可以直接通过对象名调用,this代表当前Vue对象。
数据绑定 在视图部分获取脚本部分的数据。 {{变量名}}
指令:是带有 v- 前缀的特殊属性,不同指令具有不同含义。例如 v-html,v-if,v-for。
使用指令时,通常编写在标签的属性上,值可以使用 JS 的表达式。
指令:vue框架定义的,一些标签的自定义的属性
常用指令
指令作用v-html把文本解析为HTML代码v-bind为HTML标签绑定属性值v-if条件性的渲染某元素,判定为true时渲染,否则不渲染v-elsev-else-ifv-show根据条件展示某元素,区别在于切换的是display属性的值v-for列表渲染,遍历容器的元素或者对象的属性v-on为HTML标签绑定事件v-model为表单元素上创建双向数据绑定v-html:把文本解析为 HTML 代码。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>文本插值</title> </head> <body> <div id="div"> <div>{{msg}}</div> <div v-html="msg"></div> </div> </body> <script src="js/vue.js"></script> <script> new Vue({ el:"#div", data:{ msg:"<b>Hello Vue</b>" } }); </script> </html>v-bind:为 HTML 标签绑定属性值。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>绑定属性</title> <style> .my{ border: 1px solid red; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="div"> <a v-bind:href="url">百度一下</a> <br> <a :href="url">百度一下</a> <br> <div :class="cls">我是div</div> </div> </body> <script src="js/vue.js"></script> <script> new Vue({ el:"#div", data:{ url:"https://www.baidu.com", cls:"my" } }); </script> </html>v-if:条件性的渲染某元素,判定为真时渲染,否则不渲染。
v-else:条件性的渲染。
v-else-if:条件性的渲染。
v-show:根据条件展示某元素,区别在于切换的是display属性的值。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>条件渲染</title> </head> <body> <div id="div"> <!-- 判断num的值,对3取余 余数为0显示div1 余数为1显示div2 余数为2显示div3 --> <div v-if="num % 3 == 0">div1</div> <div v-else-if="num % 3 == 1">div2</div> <div v-else="num % 3 == 2">div3</div> <div v-show="flag">div4</div> </div> </body> <script src="js/vue.js"></script> <script> new Vue({ el:"#div", data:{ num:1, flag:false } }); </script> </html>v-for:列表渲染,遍历容器的元素或者对象的属性。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>列表渲染</title> </head> <body> <div id="div"> <ul> <li v-for="name in names"> {{name}} </li> <li v-for="value in student"> {{value}} </li> </ul> </div> </body> <script src="js/vue.js"></script> <script> new Vue({ el:"#div", data:{ names:["张三","李四","王五"], student:{ name:"张三", age:23 } } }); </script> </html>v-on:为 HTML 标签绑定事件。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>事件绑定</title> </head> <body> <div id="div"> <div>{{name}}</div> <button v-on:click="change()">改变div的内容</button> <button v-on:dblclick="change()">改变div的内容</button> <button @click="change()">改变div的内容</button> </div> </body> <script src="js/vue.js"></script> <script> new Vue({ el:"#div", data:{ name:"黑马程序员" }, methods:{ change(){ this.name = "传智播客" } } }); </script> </html>表单绑定 v-model:在表单元素上创建双向数据绑定。
双向数据绑定 更新data数据,页面中的数据也会更新。 更新页面数据,data数据也会更新。
MVVM模型(ModelViewViewModel):是MVC模式的改进版 在前端页面中,JS对象表示Model,页面表示View,两者做到了最大限度的分离。 将Model和View关联起来的就是ViewModel,它是桥梁。 ViewModel负责把Model的数据同步到View显示出来,还负责把View修改的数据同步回Model。
表单绑定 姓名: 年龄: ```Element:网站快速成型工具。是饿了么公司前端开发团队提供的一套基于Vue的网站组件库。
使用Element前提必须要有Vue。
组件:组成网页的部件,例如超链接、按钮、图片、表格等等~
Element官网:https://element.eleme.cn/#/zh-CN
开发步骤
下载 Element 核心库。引入 Element 样式文件。引入 Vue 核心 js 文件。引入 Element 核心 js 文件。编写按钮标签。通过 Vue 核心对象加载元素。代码实现
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>快速入门</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"> <script src="js/vue.js"></script> <script src="element-ui/lib/index.js"></script> </head> <body> <button>我是按钮</button> <br> <div id="div"> <el-row> <el-button>默认按钮</el-button> <el-button type="primary">主要按钮</el-button> <el-button type="success">成功按钮</el-button> <el-button type="info">信息按钮</el-button> <el-button type="warning">警告按钮</el-button> <el-button type="danger">危险按钮</el-button> </el-row> <br> <el-row> <el-button plain>朴素按钮</el-button> <el-button type="primary" plain>主要按钮</el-button> <el-button type="success" plain>成功按钮</el-button> <el-button type="info" plain>信息按钮</el-button> <el-button type="warning" plain>警告按钮</el-button> <el-button type="danger" plain>危险按钮</el-button> </el-row> <br> <el-row> <el-button round>圆角按钮</el-button> <el-button type="primary" round>主要按钮</el-button> <el-button type="success" round>成功按钮</el-button> <el-button type="info" round>信息按钮</el-button> <el-button type="warning" round>警告按钮</el-button> <el-button type="danger" round>危险按钮</el-button> </el-row> <br> <el-row> <el-button icon="el-icon-search" circle></el-button> <el-button type="primary" icon="el-icon-edit" circle></el-button> <el-button type="success" icon="el-icon-check" circle></el-button> <el-button type="info" icon="el-icon-message" circle></el-button> <el-button type="warning" icon="el-icon-star-off" circle></el-button> <el-button type="danger" icon="el-icon-delete" circle></el-button> </el-row> </div> </body> <script> new Vue({ el:"#div" }); </script> </html>将页面分成最多 24 个部分,自由切分。
代码实现
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>基础布局</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"> <script src="js/vue.js"></script> <script src="element-ui/lib/index.js"></script> <style> .el-row { /* 行距为20px */ margin-bottom: 20px; } .bg-purple-dark { background: red; } .bg-purple { background: blue; } .bg-purple-light { background: green; } .grid-content { /* 边框圆润度 */ border-radius: 4px; /* 行高为36px */ min-height: 36px; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="div"> <el-row> <el-col :span="24"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-dark"></div></el-col> </el-row> <el-row> <el-col :span="12"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col> <el-col :span="12"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col> </el-row> <el-row> <el-col :span="8"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col> <el-col :span="8"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col> <el-col :span="8"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col> </el-row> <el-row> <el-col :span="6"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col> <el-col :span="6"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col> <el-col :span="6"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col> <el-col :span="6"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col> </el-row> <el-row> <el-col :span="4"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col> <el-col :span="4"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col> <el-col :span="4"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col> <el-col :span="4"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col> <el-col :span="4"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col> <el-col :span="4"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col> </el-row> </div> </body> <script> new Vue({ el:"#div" }); </script> </html>将页面分成头部区域、侧边栏区域、主区域、底部区域。
代码实现
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>容器布局</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"> <script src="js/vue.js"></script> <script src="element-ui/lib/index.js"></script> <style> .el-header, .el-footer { background-color: #d18e66; color: #333; text-align: center; height: 100px; } .el-aside { background-color: #55e658; color: #333; text-align: center; height: 580px; } .el-main { background-color: #5fb1f3; color: #333; text-align: center; height: 520px; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="div"> <el-container> <el-header>头部区域</el-header> <el-container> <el-aside width="200px">侧边栏区域</el-aside> <el-container> <el-main>主区域</el-main> <el-footer>底部区域</el-footer> </el-container> </el-container> </el-container> </div> </body> <script> new Vue({ el:"#div" }); </script> </html>由输入框、下拉列表、单选框、多选框等控件组成,用以收集、校验、提交数据。
代码实现
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>表单组件</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"> <script src="js/vue.js"></script> <script src="element-ui/lib/index.js"></script> </head> <body> <div id="div"> <el-form :model="ruleForm" :rules="rules" ref="ruleForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-ruleForm"> <el-form-item label="活动名称" prop="name"> <el-input v-model="ruleForm.name"></el-input> </el-form-item> <el-form-item label="活动区域" prop="region"> <el-select v-model="ruleForm.region" placeholder="请选择活动区域"> <el-option label="区域一" value="shanghai"></el-option> <el-option label="区域二" value="beijing"></el-option> </el-select> </el-form-item> <el-form-item label="活动时间" required> <el-col :span="11"> <el-form-item prop="date1"> <el-date-picker type="date" placeholder="选择日期" v-model="ruleForm.date1" style="width: 100%;"></el-date-picker> </el-form-item> </el-col> <el-col class="line" :span="2">-</el-col> <el-col :span="11"> <el-form-item prop="date2"> <el-time-picker placeholder="选择时间" v-model="ruleForm.date2" style="width: 100%;"></el-time-picker> </el-form-item> </el-col> </el-form-item> <el-form-item label="即时配送" prop="delivery"> <el-switch v-model="ruleForm.delivery"></el-switch> </el-form-item> <el-form-item label="活动性质" prop="type"> <el-checkbox-group v-model="ruleForm.type"> <el-checkbox label="美食/餐厅线上活动" name="type"></el-checkbox> <el-checkbox label="地推活动" name="type"></el-checkbox> <el-checkbox label="线下主题活动" name="type"></el-checkbox> <el-checkbox label="单纯品牌曝光" name="type"></el-checkbox> </el-checkbox-group> </el-form-item> <el-form-item label="特殊资源" prop="resource"> <el-radio-group v-model="ruleForm.resource"> <el-radio label="线上品牌商赞助"></el-radio> <el-radio label="线下场地免费"></el-radio> </el-radio-group> </el-form-item> <el-form-item label="活动形式" prop="desc"> <el-input type="textarea" v-model="ruleForm.desc"></el-input> </el-form-item> <el-form-item> <el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('ruleForm')">立即创建</el-button> <el-button @click="resetForm('ruleForm')">重置</el-button> </el-form-item> </el-form> </div> </body> <script> new Vue({ el:"#div", data:{ ruleForm: { name: '', region: '', date1: '', date2: '', delivery: false, type: [], resource: '', desc: '' }, rules: { name: [ { required: true, message: '请输入活动名称', trigger: 'blur' }, { min: 3, max: 5, message: '长度在 3 到 5 个字符', trigger: 'blur' } ], region: [ { required: true, message: '请选择活动区域', trigger: 'change' } ], date1: [ { type: 'date', required: true, message: '请选择日期', trigger: 'change' } ], date2: [ { type: 'date', required: true, message: '请选择时间', trigger: 'change' } ], type: [ { type: 'array', required: true, message: '请至少选择一个活动性质', trigger: 'change' } ], resource: [ { required: true, message: '请选择活动资源', trigger: 'change' } ], desc: [ { required: true, message: '请填写活动形式', trigger: 'blur' } ] } }, methods:{ submitForm(formName) { this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => { if (valid) { alert('submit!'); } else { console.log('error submit!!'); return false; } }); }, resetForm(formName) { this.$refs[formName].resetFields(); } } }); </script> </html>用于展示多条结构类似的数据,可对数据进行编辑、删除或其他自定义操作。
代码实现
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>表格组件</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"> <script src="js/vue.js"></script> <script src="element-ui/lib/index.js"></script> </head> <body> <div id="div"> <template> <el-table :data="tableData" style="width: 100%"> <el-table-column prop="date" label="日期" width="180"> </el-table-column> <el-table-column prop="name" label="姓名" width="180"> </el-table-column> <el-table-column prop="address" label="地址"> </el-table-column> <el-table-column label="操作" width="180"> <el-button type="warning">编辑</el-button> <el-button type="danger">删除</el-button> </el-table-column> </el-table> </template> </div> </body> <script> new Vue({ el:"#div", data:{ tableData: [{ date: '2016-05-02', name: '王小虎', address: '上海市普陀区金沙江路 1518 弄' }, { date: '2016-05-04', name: '王小虎', address: '上海市普陀区金沙江路 1517 弄' }, { date: '2016-05-01', name: '王小虎', address: '上海市普陀区金沙江路 1519 弄' }, { date: '2016-05-03', name: '王小虎', address: '上海市普陀区金沙江路 1516 弄' }] } }); </script> </html>代码实现
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>顶部导航栏</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"> <script src="js/vue.js"></script> <script src="element-ui/lib/index.js"></script> </head> <body> <div id="div"> <el-menu :default-active="activeIndex2" class="el-menu-demo" mode="horizontal" @select="handleSelect" background-color="#545c64" text-color="#fff" active-text-color="#ffd04b"> <el-menu-item index="1">处理中心</el-menu-item> <el-submenu index="2"> <template slot="title">我的工作台</template> <el-menu-item index="2-1">选项1</el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="2-2">选项2</el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="2-3">选项3</el-menu-item> <el-submenu index="2-4"> <template slot="title">选项4</template> <el-menu-item index="2-4-1">选项1</el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="2-4-2">选项2</el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="2-4-3">选项3</el-menu-item> </el-submenu> </el-submenu> <el-menu-item index="3" disabled>消息中心</el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="4"><a href="https://www.ele.me" target="_blank">订单管理</a></el-menu-item> </el-menu> </div> </body> <script> new Vue({ el:"#div" }); </script> </html>代码实现
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>侧边导航栏</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"> <script src="js/vue.js"></script> <script src="element-ui/lib/index.js"></script> </head> <body> <div id="div"> <el-col :span="6"> <el-menu default-active="2" class="el-menu-vertical-demo" @open="handleOpen" @close="handleClose" background-color="#545c64" text-color="#fff" active-text-color="#ffd04b"> <el-submenu index="1"> <template slot="title"> <i class="el-icon-location"></i> <span>导航一</span> </template> <el-menu-item-group> <template slot="title">分组一</template> <el-menu-item index="1-1">选项1</el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="1-2">选项2</el-menu-item> </el-menu-item-group> <el-menu-item-group title="分组2"> <el-menu-item index="1-3">选项3</el-menu-item> </el-menu-item-group> <el-submenu index="1-4"> <template slot="title">选项4</template> <el-menu-item index="1-4-1">选项1</el-menu-item> </el-submenu> </el-submenu> <el-menu-item index="2"> <i class="el-icon-menu"></i> <span slot="title">导航二</span> </el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="3" disabled> <i class="el-icon-document"></i> <span slot="title">导航三</span> </el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="4"> <i class="el-icon-setting"></i> <span slot="title">导航四</span> </el-menu-item> </el-menu> </el-col> </div> </body> <script> new Vue({ el:"#div" }); </script> </html>学完了 Element 组件后,我们会发现组件其实就是自定义的标签。例如<el-button>就是对<button>的封装
本质上,组件是带有一个名字且可复用的 Vue 实例,我们完全可以自己定义
定义格式
Vue.component(组件名称, { props:组件的属性, data: 组件的数据函数, template: 组件解析的标签模板 })代码实现
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>自定义组件</title> <script src="vue/vue.js"></script> </head> <body> <div id="div"> <my-button>我的按钮</my-button> </div> </body> <script> Vue.component("my-button",{ // 属性 props:["style"], // 数据函数 data: function(){ return{ msg:"我的按钮" } }, //解析标签模板 template:"<button style='color:red'>{{msg}}</button>" }); new Vue({ el:"#div" }); </script> </html>生命周期的八个阶段
状态阶段周期beforeCreate创建前created创建后beforeMount载入前mounted载入后beforeUpdate更新前updated更新后beforeDestory销毁前destoryed销毁后代码实现
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>生命周期</title> <script src="vue/vue.js"></script> </head> <body> <div id="app"> {{message}} </div> </body> <script> let vm = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { message: 'Vue的生命周期' }, beforeCreate: function() { console.group('------beforeCreate创建前状态------'); console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "el : " + this.$el); //undefined console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "data : " + this.$data); //undefined console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "message: " + this.message);//undefined }, created: function() { console.group('------created创建完毕状态------'); console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "el : " + this.$el); //undefined console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "data : " + this.$data); //已被初始化 console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "message: " + this.message); //已被初始化 }, beforeMount: function() { console.group('------beforeMount挂载前状态------'); console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "el : " + (this.$el)); //已被初始化 console.log(this.$el); console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "data : " + this.$data); //已被初始化 console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "message: " + this.message); //已被初始化 }, mounted: function() { console.group('------mounted 挂载结束状态------'); console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "el : " + this.$el); //已被初始化 console.log(this.$el); console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "data : " + this.$data); //已被初始化 console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "message: " + this.message); //已被初始化 }, beforeUpdate: function() { console.group('beforeUpdate 更新前状态===============》'); let dom = document.getElementById("app").innerHTML; console.log(dom); console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "el : " + this.$el); console.log(this.$el); console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "data : " + this.$data); console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "message: " + this.message); }, updated: function() { console.group('updated 更新完成状态===============》'); let dom = document.getElementById("app").innerHTML; console.log(dom); console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "el : " + this.$el); console.log(this.$el); console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "data : " + this.$data); console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "message: " + this.message); }, beforeDestroy: function() { console.group('beforeDestroy 销毁前状态===============》'); console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "el : " + this.$el); console.log(this.$el); console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "data : " + this.$data); console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "message: " + this.message); }, destroyed: function() { console.group('destroyed 销毁完成状态===============》'); console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "el : " + this.$el); console.log(this.$el); console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "data : " + this.$data); console.log("%c%s", "color:red", "message: " + this.message); } }); // 销毁Vue对象 //vm.$destroy(); //vm.message = "hehe"; // 销毁后 Vue 实例会解绑所有内容 // 设置data中message数据值 vm.message = "good..."; </script> </html>在Vue中发送异步请求,本质上还是AJAX。我们可以使用axios这个插件来简化操作!
使用步骤 1.引入axios核心js文件。 2.调用axios对象的方法来发起异步请求。 3.调用axios对象的方法来处理响应的数据。
axios常用方法
方法名作用get(请求的资源路径与请求的参数)发起GET请求post(请求的资源路径,请求的参数)发起POST方式请求then(response)请求成功后的回调函数,通过response获取响应的数据catch(error)请求失败后的回调函数,通过error获取错误信息代码实现
html代码 <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>异步操作</title> <script src="js/vue.js"></script> <script src="js/axios-0.18.0.js"></script> </head> <body> <div id="div"> {{name}} <button @click="send()">发起请求</button> </div> </body> <script> new Vue({ el:"#div", data:{ name:"张三" }, methods:{ send(){ // GET方式请求 // axios.get("testServlet?name=" + this.name) // .then(resp => { // alert(resp.data); // }) // .catch(error => { // alert(error); // }) // POST方式请求 axios.post("testServlet","name="+this.name) .then(resp => { alert(resp.data); }) .catch(error => { alert(error); }) } } }); </script> </html> java代码 @WebServlet("/testServlet") public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet { @Override protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { //设置请求和响应的编码 req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); //获取请求参数 String name = req.getParameter("name"); System.out.println(name); //响应客户端 resp.getWriter().write("请求成功"); } @Override protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { this.doGet(req,resp); } }自定义组件:本质上,组件是带有一个名字且可复用的 Vue 实例,我们可以自己来定义。
Vue.component(组件名称, { props:组件的属性, data: 组件的数据函数, template: 组件解析的标签模板 })生命周期:核心八个阶段 beforeCreate:创建前 created:创建后 beforeMount:载入前 mounted:载入后 beforeUpdate:更新前 updated:更新后 beforeDestroy:销毁前 destroyed:销毁后
异步操作:通过 axios 插件来实现。
方法名作用get(请求的资源路径与请求的参数)发起GET请求post(请求的资源路径,请求的参数)发起POST方式请求then(response)请求成功后的回调函数,通过response获取响应的数据catch(error)请求失败后的回调函数,通过error获取错误信息实现思路
头部效果实现。侧边栏和主区域效果实现。代码实现
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>学生列表</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"> <script src="js/vue.js"></script> <script src="element-ui/lib/index.js"></script> <style> .el-header{ background-color: #545c64; } .header-img{ width: 100px; margin-top: 20px; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="div"> <el-container> <!-- 头部 --> <el-header class="el-header"> <el-container> <div> <el-image src="img/export.png" class="header-img"></el-image> </div> <el-menu :default-active="activeIndex2" mode="horizontal" @select="handleSelect" background-color="#545c64" text-color="white" active-text-color="#ffd04b" style="margin-left: auto;"> <el-menu-item index="1">处理中心</el-menu-item> <el-submenu index="2"> <template slot="title">我的工作台</template> <el-menu-item index="2-1">选项1</el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="2-2">选项2</el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="2-3">选项3</el-menu-item> </el-submenu> <el-menu-item index="3"><a href="学生列表.html" target="_self">首页</a></el-menu-item> </el-menu> </el-container> </el-header> </el-container> </div> </body> <script> new Vue({ el:"#div" }); </script> </html>主区域和侧边栏区域放在一起
<!-- 主区域 --> <el-container> <el-main> <b style="color: red;font-size: 20px;">学生列表</b> <div style="float:right"> <el-button type="primary">添加学生</el-button> </div> <el-table :data="tableData"> <el-table-column prop="date" label="日期" width="140"> </el-table-column> <el-table-column prop="name" label="姓名" width="120"> </el-table-column> <el-table-column prop="address" label="地址"> </el-table-column> <el-table-column label="操作" width="180"> <el-button type="warning">编辑</el-button> <el-button type="danger">删除</el-button> </el-table-column> </el-table> </el-main> </el-container>在vue中定义data
<script> new Vue({ el:"#div", data:{ tableData:[ { date:"2088-08-08", name:"张三", address:"北京市昌平区" },{ date:"2088-08-08", name:"李四", address:"北京市昌平区" },{ date:"2088-08-08", name:"王五", address:"北京市昌平区" }, ] } }); </script>