zigzag-conversion
The string “PAYPALISHIRING” is written in a zigzag pattern on a given number of rows like this: (you may want to display this pattern in a fixed font for better legibility)
P A H N A P L S I I G Y I RAnd then read line by line: “PAHNAPLSIIGYIR”
Write the code that will take a string and make this conversion given a number of rows:
string convert(string s, int numRows);
Example 1:
Input: s = “PAYPALISHIRING”, numRows = 3 Output: “PAHNAPLSIIGYIR”
Example 2:
Input: s = “PAYPALISHIRING”, numRows = 4 Output: “PINALSIGYAHRPI” Explanation:
P I N A L S I G Y A H R P IExample 3:
Input: s = “A”, numRows = 1 Output: “A”
Constraints:
1 <= s.length <= 1000s consists of English letters (lower-case and upper-case), ‘,’ and ‘.’.1 <= numRows <= 1000中等难度, 确实不太难. 本质上是一个取模的问题. 难点在于除了第一行和最后一行, 中间行在每个整除区间内需要取两次字符.
P I N A L S I G Y A H R P I以上图第二行的前两个字符A 和L 为例, 可以得到 A的位置 = P的位置 + 当前行数 - 1 L的位置 = I 的位置 - (当前行数 - 1) = P的位置 + 模 - (当前行数 - 1)
时间复杂度 O ( n ) O(n) O(n). 空间复杂度 O ( 1 ) O(1) O(1).
class Solution { public String convert(String s, int numRows) { if(numRows == 1) return s; // (numRows - 1) * 2就是模 int len = s.length(), mod = (numRows - 1) * 2; char[] arr = new char[len]; int index = 0; // 行数递增 for(int i = 0; i < numRows; i++){ // 每次增加一个mod for(int j = 0; i + j < len; j += mod){ arr[index++] = s.charAt(j + i); // 如果不是第一行, 也不是最后一行, 并且没有超出长度 if(i > 0 && i < numRows - 1 && (j + mod - i < len)) arr[index++] = s.charAt(j + mod - i); } } return new String(arr); } }