跨进程通信AIDL的使用

绑定服务的过程

首先创建一个Service

public class MyService extends Service { public MyService() { } @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return new IMyServiceInterface.Stub() { @Override public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, String aString) throws RemoteException { } }; } @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); System.out.println("MyService onCreate"); } @Override public void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); System.out.println("MyService onDestroy"); } }

生成一个AIDL文件

package com.example.aidldemo; // Declare any non-default types here with import statements interface IMyServiceInterface { /** * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters * and return values in AIDL. */ void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, String aString); }

接下来实现在另一个应用中开启/停止/绑定/解绑服务

创建一个module anotherapp

在anotherapp中的MainActivity.java 实现下面的方法

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements ServiceConnection { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); findViewById(R.id.btn_start).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //开启服务 Intent i = new Intent(); i.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.example.aidldemo","com.example.aidldemo.MyService")); startService(i); } }); findViewById(R.id.btn_stop).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //关闭服务 Intent i = new Intent(); i.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.example.aidldemo","com.example.aidldemo.MyService")); stopService(i); } }); findViewById(R.id.bind_service).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //绑定服务 Intent i = new Intent(); i.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.example.aidldemo","com.example.aidldemo.MyService")); bindService(i,MainActivity.this, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE); } }); findViewById(R.id.unBind_Service).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //解绑服务 Intent i = new Intent(); i.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.example.aidldemo","com.example.aidldemo.MyService")); unbindService(MainActivity.this); } }); } @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) { System.out.println("Bind Service"); System.out.println("service***" +service); } @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) { } }

接下来实现2个应用之间的的通信，修改AIDL文件，添加setDate(String data)；

package com.example.aidldemo; // Declare any non-default types here with import statements interface IMyServiceInterface { /** * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters * and return values in AIDL. */ void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, String aString); void setDate(String data); }

Rebuild一下，然后修改MyService里面的数据，每隔1秒输出数据来观测数据的变化。

package com.example.aidldemo; import android.app.Service; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.IBinder; import android.os.RemoteException; public class MyService extends Service { private String data ="test"; private boolean running = false; public MyService() { } @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return new IMyServiceInterface.Stub() { @Override public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, String aString) throws RemoteException { } @Override public void setDate(String data) throws RemoteException { MyService.this.data = data; } }; } @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); System.out.println("MyService onCreate"); new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { running = true; while (running){ try { System.out.println(data); Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }).start(); } @Override public void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); System.out.println("MyService onDestroy"); running = false; } }

服务启动的时候，会不断的输出数据，当我们在anotherapp中修改数据的时候，这边的数据也会发生改变

接下来我们需要把AIDL文件拷贝下，而且要保证包名一样，

复制这个包名

 

点击Finish

再将AIDL文件复制进这个目录下

将anotherapp 输入框中的内容同步到app中

package com.example.anotherapp; import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.content.ComponentName; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.ServiceConnection; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.IBinder; import android.os.RemoteException; import android.view.View; import android.widget.EditText; import com.example.aidldemo.IMyServiceInterface; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements ServiceConnection { private EditText et_input; private IMyServiceInterface binder = null; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); et_input = findViewById(R.id.et_input); findViewById(R.id.btn_start).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //开启服务 Intent i = new Intent(); i.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.example.aidldemo","com.example.aidldemo.MyService")); startService(i); } }); findViewById(R.id.btn_stop).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //关闭服务 Intent i = new Intent(); i.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.example.aidldemo","com.example.aidldemo.MyService")); stopService(i); } }); findViewById(R.id.bind_service).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //绑定服务 Intent i = new Intent(); i.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.example.aidldemo","com.example.aidldemo.MyService")); bindService(i,MainActivity.this, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE); } }); findViewById(R.id.unBind_Service).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //解绑服务 Intent i = new Intent(); i.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.example.aidldemo","com.example.aidldemo.MyService")); unbindService(MainActivity.this); } }); findViewById(R.id.btn_syn).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //将输入框中输入的内容同步到app中 if(binder!=null){ try { binder.setDate(et_input.getText().toString()); } catch (RemoteException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }); } @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) { binder = IMyServiceInterface.Stub.asInterface(service); } @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) { } }

布局文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context=".MainActivity" android:orientation="vertical"> <Button android:id="@+id/btn_start" android:layout_width="200dp" android:layout_height="80dp" android:text="start Service"/> <Button android:id="@+id/btn_stop" android:layout_width="200dp" android:layout_height="80dp" android:text="stop Service"/> <Button android:id="@+id/bind_service" android:layout_width="200dp" android:layout_height="80dp" android:text="bind Service"/> <Button android:id="@+id/unBind_Service" android:layout_width="200dp" android:layout_height="80dp" android:text="unBind Service"/> <EditText android:id="@+id/et_input" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="80dp"/> <Button android:id="@+id/btn_syn" android:layout_width="200dp" android:layout_height="80dp" android:text="同步数据到另一个应用"/> </LinearLayout>