实现一个TCP套接字，该套接字与WebSocket协议进行通信。
WebSockets是一种通过单个TCP连接提供全双工通信通道的Web技术。WebSocket协议在2011年被IETF标准化为RFC 6455。QWebSocket既可用于客户端应用程序，也可用于服务器应用程序。
WebSockets的使用参照QTcpServer。
QWebSocket这个类是根据QAbstractSocket建模的。
QWebSocket当前不支持WebSocket扩展和WebSocket子工具。
QWebSocket仅支持WebSocket协议的版本13，如RFC6455所述。
注意：有些代理不理解WebSocket握手过程中使用的某些HTTP头。在这种情况下，不安全的WebSocket连接会失败。缓解此问题的最佳方法是在安全连接上使用WebSocket。
警告：要生成掩码，WebSockets的此实现使用加密不安全的qrand()函数。有关良好遮蔽的重要性的更多信息，请参见林顺煌等人的“与自己交谈，寻求乐趣和利益”。防范上述文档中提到的攻击的最佳措施是通过安全连接（wss://）使用QWebSocket。一般来说，请务必小心不要让第三方脚本访问应用程序中的QWebSocket。
在工程文件夹中添加:
QT += websockets包含该类
#include <QWebSocket>使用时先new一个QWebsocket，然后关联其connected()，disconnected()，error()，textFrameReceived()（或者textMessageReceived()信号，两个收到消息的信号都会触发），发送调用sendTextMessage()函数即可。
WebSocketClientManager.h
#ifndef WEBSOCKETCLIENTMANAGER_H
#define WEBSOCKETCLIENTMANAGER_H
/************************************************************\
* 控件名称： WebSocket客户端管理类
* 控件描述：
* 1.类似于QTcpServer操作
* 作者：红模仿 联系方式：QQ21497936
* 博客地址：https://blog.csdn.net/qq21497936
* 日期 版本 描述
* 2019年09月04日 v1.0.0 基础功能
\************************************************************/
#include <QObject>
#include <QWebSocket>
class WebSocketClientManager : public QObject
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit WebSocketClientManager(QObject *parent = nullptr);
~WebSocketClientManager();
public:
bool running() const;
QString url() const;
void setUrl(const QString &url);
signals:
void signal_connected();
void signal_disconnected();
void signal_sendTextMessageResult(bool result);
void signal_sendBinaryMessageResult(bool result);
void signal_error(QString errorString);
void signal_textFrameReceived(QString frame, bool isLastFrame);
void signal_textMessageReceived(QString message);
public slots:
void slot_start();
void slot_stop();
void slot_connectedTo(QString url);
void slot_sendTextMessage(const QString &message);
void slot_sendBinaryMessage(const QByteArray &data);
protected slots:
void slot_connected();
void slot_disconnected();
void slot_error(QAbstractSocket::SocketError error);
void slot_textFrameReceived(const QString &frame, bool isLastFrame);
void slot_textMessageReceived(const QString &message);
private:
bool _running;
QString _url;
bool _connected;
QWebSocket *_pWebSocket;
};
#endif // WEBSOCKETCLIENTMANAGER_H
WebSocketClientManager.cpp
#include "WebSocketClientManager.h"
#include <QDebug>
WebSocketClientManager::WebSocketClientManager(QObject *parent)
: QObject(parent),
_running(false),
_pWebSocket(0),
_connected(false)
{
}
WebSocketClientManager::~WebSocketClientManager()
{
if(_pWebSocket != 0)
{
_pWebSocket->deleteLater();
_pWebSocket = 0;
}
}
bool WebSocketClientManager::running() const
{
return _running;
}
void WebSocketClientManager::slot_start()
{
if(_running)
{
qDebug() << __FILE__ << __LINE__
<< "Failed to" << __FUNCTION__ << "it's already running...";
return;
}
if(!_pWebSocket)
{
_pWebSocket = new QWebSocket();
connect(_pWebSocket, SIGNAL(connected()) , this, SLOT(slot_connected()) );
connect(_pWebSocket, SIGNAL(disconnected()), this, SLOT(slot_disconnected()));
connect(_pWebSocket, SIGNAL(error(QAbstractSocket::SocketError)),
this , SLOT(slot_error(QAbstractSocket::SocketError)));
connect(_pWebSocket, SIGNAL(textFrameReceived(QString,bool)),
this , SLOT(slot_textFrameReceived(QString,bool)));
connect(_pWebSocket, SIGNAL(textMessageReceived(QString)),
this , SLOT(slot_textMessageReceived(QString)));
}
_running = true;
}
void WebSocketClientManager::slot_stop()
{
if(!_running)
{
qDebug() << __FILE__ << __LINE__
<< "Failed to" << __FUNCTION__
<< ", it's not running...";
return;
}
_running = false;
_pWebSocket->close();
}
void WebSocketClientManager::slot_connectedTo(QString url)
{
if(!_running)
{
qDebug() << __FILE__ << __LINE__
<< "Failed to" << __FUNCTION__
<< ", it's not running...";
return;
}
_pWebSocket->open(QUrl(url));
}
void WebSocketClientManager::slot_sendTextMessage(const QString &message)
{
if(!_running)
{
qDebug() << __FILE__ << __LINE__
<< "Failed to" << __FUNCTION__
<< ", it's not running...";
return;
}
bool result = true;
_pWebSocket->sendTextMessage(message);
emit signal_sendTextMessageResult(result);
}
void WebSocketClientManager::slot_sendBinaryMessage(const QByteArray &data)
{
if(!_running)
{
qDebug() << __FILE__ << __LINE__
<< "Failed to" << __FUNCTION__
<< ", it's not running...";
return;
}
bool result = true;
_pWebSocket->sendBinaryMessage(data);
emit signal_sendBinaryMessageResult(result);
}
void WebSocketClientManager::slot_connected()
{
_connected = true;
qDebug() << __FILE__ << __LINE__ << "connected";
emit signal_connected();
}
void WebSocketClientManager::slot_disconnected()
{
_connected = false;
qDebug() << __FILE__ << __LINE__ << "disconnected";
emit signal_disconnected();
}
void WebSocketClientManager::slot_error(QAbstractSocket::SocketError error)
{
qDebug() << __FILE__ << __LINE__ << (int)error << _pWebSocket->errorString();
emit signal_error(_pWebSocket->errorString());
}
void WebSocketClientManager::slot_textFrameReceived(const QString &frame, bool isLastFrame)
{
emit signal_textFrameReceived(frame, isLastFrame);
}
void WebSocketClientManager::slot_textMessageReceived(const QString &message)
{
emit signal_textMessageReceived(message);
}
QString WebSocketClientManager::url() const
{
return _url;
}
void WebSocketClientManager::setUrl(const QString &url)
{
_url = url;
}
实现基于WebSocket的服务器。
它是以QTcpServer为模型的，并且行为相同。使用参照QTcpServer。这个类使得接受传入的WebSocket连接成为可能。您可以指定端口或让QWebSocketServer自动选择一个端口。您可以监听一个特定的地址或机器的所有地址。调用listen()让服务器监听传入的连接。
然后，每次客户端连接到服务器时都会发出newConnection()信号。调用nextPendingConnection()将挂起的连接接受为已连接的QWebSocket。函数返回指向QabstractSocket::ConnectedState中QWebSocket的指针，可以使用该指针与客户端通信。
如果发生错误，ServerError()返回错误类型，并且可以调用ErrorString()以获取对所发生情况的人类可读描述。
侦听连接时，服务器正在侦听的地址和端口可用作serverAddress()和serverPort()。
调用close()将使QWebSocketServer停止侦听传入的连接。
QWebSocket服务器当前不支持WebSocket扩展和WebSocket子工具。
注意：使用自签名证书时，Firefox bug 594502会阻止firefox连接到安全的Websocket服务器。要解决此问题，请首先使用https浏览到安全WebSocket服务器。Firefox将指示证书无效。从这里开始，可以将证书添加到异常中。在这之后，安全WebSockets连接应该可以工作。
QWebSocketServer仅支持WebSocket协议的版本13，如RFC6455所述。
指示服务器是通过wss（SecureMode）还是ws（NonSecureMode）运行。
在工程文件夹中添加:
QT += websockets
包含该类
#include <QWebSocketServer>
使用时先new一个QWebSocketServer,传入服务器名称和是否使用安全模式（安全模式wss，非安全模式ws），然后关联其newConnected()，closed()，serverError()。
当收到新的连接后，则是转换为QWebSocket，然后关联其connected()，disconnected()，error()，textFrameReceived()（或者textMessageReceived()信号，两个收到消息的信号都会触发），发送调用sendTextMessage()函数即。
WebSocketServerManager.h
#ifndef WEBSOCKETSERVERMANAGER_H
#define WEBSOCKETSERVERMANAGER_H
/************************************************************\
* 控件名称： WebSocket服务器管理类
* 控件描述：
* 1.类似于QTcpSocket操作
* 作者：红模仿 联系方式：QQ21497936
* 博客地址：https://blog.csdn.net/qq21497936
* 日期 版本 描述
* 2019年09月04日 v1.0.0 基础功能
\************************************************************/
#include <QObject>
#include <QWebSocketServer>
#include <QThread>
class WebSocketServerManager : public QObject
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit WebSocketServerManager(QString serverName,
QWebSocketServer::SslMode secureMode = QWebSocketServer::NonSecureMode,
QObject *parent = 0);
~WebSocketServerManager();
public:
bool running() const;
signals:
void signal_conncted(QString ip, qint32 port);
void signal_disconncted(QString ip, qint32 port);
void signal_sendTextMessageResult(QString ip, quint32 port, bool result);
void signal_sendBinaryMessageResult(QString ip, quint32 port, bool result);
void signal_error(QString ip, quint32 port, QString errorString);
void signal_textFrameReceived(QString ip, quint32 port, QString frame, bool isLastFrame);
void signal_textMessageReceived(QString ip, quint32 port,QString message);
void signal_close();
public slots:
void slot_start(QHostAddress hostAddress = QHostAddress(QHostAddress::Any), qint32 port = 10080);
void slot_stop();
void slot_sendData(QString ip, qint32 port, QString message);
protected slots:
void slot_newConnection();
void slot_serverError(QWebSocketProtocol::CloseCode closeCode);
void slot_closed();
protected slots:
void slot_disconnected();
void slot_error(QAbstractSocket::SocketError error);
void slot_textFrameReceived(const QString &frame, bool isLastFrame);
void slot_textMessageReceived(const QString &message);
private:
QString _serverName;
QWebSocketServer::SslMode _sslMode;
bool _running;
QWebSocketServer *_pWebSocketServer;
QHash<QString, QWebSocket*> _hashIpPort2PWebSocket;
QHostAddress _listenHostAddress;
qint32 _listenPort;
};
#endif // WEBSOCKETSERVERMANAGER_H
WebSocketServerManager.cpp
#include "WebSocketServerManager.h"
#include <QDebug>
#include <QWebSocket>
WebSocketServerManager::WebSocketServerManager(QString serverName,
QWebSocketServer::SslMode secureMode,
QObject *parent)
: QObject(parent),
_serverName(serverName),
_sslMode(secureMode),
_running(false),
_pWebSocketServer(0)
{
}
WebSocketServerManager::~WebSocketServerManager()
{
if(_pWebSocketServer != 0)
{
_pWebSocketServer->deleteLater();
_pWebSocketServer = 0;
}
}
bool WebSocketServerManager::running() const
{
return _running;
}
void WebSocketServerManager::slot_start(QHostAddress hostAddress, qint32 port)
{
if(_running)
{
qDebug() << __FILE__ << __LINE__
<< "Failed to" << __FUNCTION__ << "it's already running...";
return;
}
if(!_pWebSocketServer)
{
_pWebSocketServer = new QWebSocketServer(_serverName, _sslMode, 0);
connect(_pWebSocketServer, SIGNAL(newConnection()), this, SLOT(slot_newConnection()));
connect(_pWebSocketServer, SIGNAL(closed()), this, SLOT(slot_closed()));
connect(_pWebSocketServer, SIGNAL(serverError(QWebSocketProtocol::CloseCode)),
this , SLOT(slot_serverError(QWebSocketProtocol::CloseCode)));
}
_listenHostAddress = hostAddress;
_listenPort = port;
_pWebSocketServer->listen(_listenHostAddress, _listenPort);
_running = true;
}
void WebSocketServerManager::slot_stop()
{
if(!_running)
{
qDebug() << __FILE__ << __LINE__
<< "Failed to" << __FUNCTION__
<< ", it's not running...";
return;
}
_running = false;
_pWebSocketServer->close();
}
void WebSocketServerManager::slot_sendData(QString ip, qint32 port, QString message)
{
QString key = QString("%1-%2").arg(ip).arg(port);
if(_hashIpPort2PWebSocket.contains(key))
{
_hashIpPort2PWebSocket.value(key)->sendTextMessage(message);
}
}
void WebSocketServerManager::slot_newConnection()
{
QWebSocket *pWebSocket = _pWebSocketServer->nextPendingConnection();
connect(pWebSocket, SIGNAL(disconnected()), this, SLOT(slot_disconnected()));
connect(pWebSocket, SIGNAL(error(QAbstractSocket::SocketError)),
this , SLOT(slot_error(QAbstractSocket::SocketError)));
// 既会触发frame接收也会触发message接收
// connect(pWebSocket, SIGNAL(textFrameReceived(QString,bool)),
// this , SLOT(slot_textFrameReceived(QString,bool)));
connect(pWebSocket, SIGNAL(textMessageReceived(QString)),
this , SLOT(slot_textMessageReceived(QString)));
_hashIpPort2PWebSocket.insert(QString("%1-%2").arg(pWebSocket->peerAddress().toString())
.arg(pWebSocket->peerPort()),
pWebSocket);
qDebug() << __FILE__ << __LINE__ << pWebSocket->peerAddress().toString() << pWebSocket->peerPort();
emit signal_conncted(pWebSocket->peerAddress().toString(), pWebSocket->peerPort());
}
void WebSocketServerManager::slot_serverError(QWebSocketProtocol::CloseCode closeCode)
{
QWebSocket *pWebSocket = dynamic_cast<QWebSocket *>(sender());
if(!pWebSocket)
{
return;
}
emit signal_error(pWebSocket->peerAddress().toString(), pWebSocket->peerPort(), _pWebSocketServer->errorString());
}
void WebSocketServerManager::slot_closed()
{
QList<QWebSocket *> _listWebSocket = _hashIpPort2PWebSocket.values();
for(int index = 0; index < _listWebSocket.size(); index++)
{
_listWebSocket.at(index)->close();
}
_hashIpPort2PWebSocket.clear();
emit signal_close();
}
void WebSocketServerManager::slot_disconnected()
{
qDebug() << __FILE__ << __LINE__ << __FUNCTION__;
QWebSocket *pWebSocket = dynamic_cast<QWebSocket *>(sender());
if(!pWebSocket)
{
return;
}
qDebug() << __FILE__ << __LINE__ << __FUNCTION__;
emit signal_disconncted(pWebSocket->peerAddress().toString(), pWebSocket->peerPort());
_hashIpPort2PWebSocket.remove(QString("%1-%2").arg(pWebSocket->peerAddress().toString())
.arg(pWebSocket->peerPort()));
}
void WebSocketServerManager::slot_error(QAbstractSocket::SocketError error)
{
QWebSocket *pWebSocket = dynamic_cast<QWebSocket *>(sender());
if(!pWebSocket)
{
return;
}
emit signal_error(pWebSocket->peerAddress().toString(), pWebSocket->peerPort(), pWebSocket->errorString());
}
void WebSocketServerManager::slot_textFrameReceived(const QString &frame, bool isLastFrame)
{
QWebSocket *pWebSocket = dynamic_cast<QWebSocket *>(sender());
if(!pWebSocket)
{
return;
}
qDebug() << __FILE__ << __LINE__ << frame << isLastFrame;
emit signal_textFrameReceived(pWebSocket->peerAddress().toString(), pWebSocket->peerPort(), frame, isLastFrame);
}
void WebSocketServerManager::slot_textMessageReceived(const QString &message)
{
QWebSocket *pWebSocket = dynamic_cast<QWebSocket *>(sender());
if(!pWebSocket)
{
return;
}
emit signal_textMessageReceived(pWebSocket->peerAddress().toString(), pWebSocket->peerPort(), message);
}https://blog.csdn.net/qq21497936/article/details/100547400
