1.1 入门程序之需求分析 需求分析如图所示： 1.2 入门程序之搭建开发环境 1.打开idea界面如图所示，点击Create New Project。 2.选择maven工程和JDK的版本，以及骨架如图所示：点击Next。 3.填写项目名称和保存的地址，并点击Next如图所示: 4. 解决maven项目创建过慢的问题如图所示，输入变量名：archetypeCatalog和变量值：internal，并点击ok和Finish。 5．如图所示：项目的目录结构没有下载。 6.在main目录下新建Java和resouces.并设置如图所示： 7.打开pom.xml导入相应依赖jar包的代码如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.txw</groupId> <artifactId>springmvc_01_strart</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>springmvc_01_strart Maven Webapp</name> <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --> <url>http://www.example.com</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <!--编译的版本--> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <!--spring版本锁定--> <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>springmvc_01_strart</finalName> <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </plugin> <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.22.1</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build> </project>8.打开web.xml文件配置前端控制器的代码如下：
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" > <web-app> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <!--配置前端控制器--> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!--配置解决中文乱码的过滤器--> <filter> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>9.配置Tomcat服务，如图所示： 10.在index.jsp写如下的代码：
<%-- Created by IntelliJ IDEA. User: Administrator Date: 2020/6/29 0029 Time: 11:18 To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates. --%> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>首页</title> </head> <body> <h3>入门程序</h3> <a href="hello">入门程序</a> </body> </html>11.在webapp/WEB-INF目录创建pages，之后创建success.jsp的代码如下：
<%-- Created by IntelliJ IDEA. User: Administrator Date: 2020/6/29 0029 Time: 11:37 To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates. --%> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>成功页面</title> </head> <body> <h3>入门成功！！！！！</h3> </body> </html>目录结构如图所示： 12.在resources目录下新建springmvc.xml文件的代码如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 开启注解扫描 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.txw"/> <!-- 视图解析器对象 --> <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!--文件所在的目录--> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/> <!--文件的后缀名--> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <!-- 开启SpringMVC框架注解的支持 --> <mvc:annotation-driven/> </beans>13.新建控制器类的代码如下：
package com.txw.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; /** *控制器类 * @author Adair */ @Controller @SuppressWarnings("all") // 注解警告信息 public class Hello Controller { @RequestMapping(path="/hello") //请求映射的路劲 public String sayHello(){ System.out.println("你好,SpingMVC!"); return "success"; } }14.运行结果如图所示： 15.通过谷歌浏览器访问http://localhost:8080/如图所示： 16.点击入门程序的超链接如图所示：并跳转到成功的页面如图所示： 在控制台打印如图所示的结果： springmvc执行流程原理的如图所示：
