Flutter 混合开发系列 包含如下:
嵌入原生View-Android嵌入原生View-iOS与原生通信-MethodChannel与原生通信-BasicMessageChannel与原生通信-EventChannel添加 Flutter 到 Android Activity添加 Flutter 到 Android Fragment添加 Flutter 到 iOS每个工作日分享一篇,欢迎关注、点赞及转发。
Flutter 与 Native 端通信有如下3个方法:
MethodChannel:Flutter 与 Native 端相互调用,调用后可以返回结果,可以 Native 端主动调用,也可以Flutter主动调用,属于双向通信。此方式为最常用的方式, Native 端调用需要在主线程中执行。BasicMessageChannel:用于使用指定的编解码器对消息进行编码和解码,属于双向通信,可以 Native 端主动调用,也可以Flutter主动调用。EventChannel:用于数据流(event streams)的通信, Native 端主动发送数据给 Flutter,通常用于状态的监听,比如网络变化、传感器数据等。Flutter 端创建 MethodChannel 通道,用于与原生端通信:
var channel = BasicMessageChannel('com.flutter.guide.BasicMessageChannel',StandardMessageCodec());com.flutter.guide.BasicMessageChannel 是 BasicMessageChannel 的名称,原生端要与之对应。
发送消息:
var result = await channel.send({'name': 'laomeng', 'age': 18}); 参数类型任意,多个参数通常使用Map。返回 Future,原生端返回的数据。完整代码:
class BasicMessageChannelDemo extends StatefulWidget { @override _BasicMessageChannelDemoState createState() => _BasicMessageChannelDemoState(); } class _BasicMessageChannelDemoState extends State<BasicMessageChannelDemo> { var channel = BasicMessageChannel('com.flutter.guide.BasicMessageChannel',StandardMessageCodec()); var _data; @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { return Scaffold( appBar: AppBar(), body: Column( children: [ SizedBox( height: 50, ), RaisedButton( child: Text('发送数据到原生'), onPressed: () async { var result = await channel.send({'name': 'laomeng', 'age': 18}); var name = result['name']; var age = result['age']; setState(() { _data = '$name,$age'; }); }, ), Text('原生返回数据:$_data'), ], ), ); } }android 下创建 BasicMessageChannelDemo:
class BasicMessageChannelDemo(messenger: BinaryMessenger) : BasicMessageChannel.MessageHandler<Any> { private var channel: BasicMessageChannel<Any> init { channel = BasicMessageChannel(messenger, "com.flutter.guide.BasicMessageChannel", StandardMessageCodec()) channel.setMessageHandler(this) } override fun onMessage(message: Any?, reply: BasicMessageChannel.Reply<Any>) { val name = (message as Map<String, Any>)["name"] val age = (message as Map<String, Any>)["age"] var map = mapOf("name" to "hello,$name", "age" to "$age" ) reply.reply(map) } }onMessage 方法在 Flutter 端调用 send 方法后调用,解析方法如下:
override fun onMessage(message: Any?, reply: BasicMessageChannel.Reply<Any>) { val name = (message as Map<String, Any>)["name"] val age = (message as Map<String, Any>)["age"] var map = mapOf("name" to "hello,$name", "age" to "$age" ) reply.reply(map) } message 是传入的参数,由于 Flutter 端传入的是 Map,所以上面的解析按照 Map 解析。reply.reply() 是返回给 Flutter 的结果。Flutter 端解析:
var result = await channel.send({'name': 'laomeng', 'age': 18}); var name = result['name']; var age = result['age'];两端的解析要相互对应。
在 MainActivity 启动:
class MainActivity : FlutterActivity() { override fun configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine: FlutterEngine) { super.configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine) BasicMessageChannelDemo(flutterEngine.dartExecutor.binaryMessenger) flutterEngine.plugins.add(MyPlugin()) } }ios 下创建 MethodChannelDemo,按如下方式:
import Flutter import UIKit public class BasicMessageChannelDemo { var channel:FlutterBasicMessageChannel init(messenger: FlutterBinaryMessenger) { channel = FlutterBasicMessageChannel(name: "com.flutter.guide.BasicMessageChannel", binaryMessenger: messenger) channel.setMessageHandler { (message, reply) in if let dict = message as? Dictionary<String, Any> { let name:String = dict["name"] as? String ?? "" let age:Int = dict["age"] as? Int ?? -1 reply(["name":"hello,\(name)","age":age]) } } } }在 AppDelegate 启动:
import UIKit import Flutter @UIApplicationMain @objc class AppDelegate: FlutterAppDelegate { override func application( _ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]? ) -> Bool { let controller : FlutterViewController = window?.rootViewController as! FlutterViewController MethodChannelDemo(messenger: controller.binaryMessenger) BasicMessageChannelDemo(messenger: controller.binaryMessenger) GeneratedPluginRegistrant.register(with: self) return super.application(application, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions: launchOptions) } }原生端启动定时器,每隔一秒向 Flutter 发送数据,Android 端代码:
class BasicMessageChannelDemo(var activity: Activity, messenger: BinaryMessenger) : BasicMessageChannel.MessageHandler<Any> { private var channel: BasicMessageChannel<Any> private var count = 0 init { channel = BasicMessageChannel(messenger, "com.flutter.guide.BasicMessageChannel", StandardMessageCodec()) channel.setMessageHandler(this) startTimer() } fun startTimer() { var timer = Timer().schedule(timerTask { activity.runOnUiThread { var map = mapOf("count" to count++) channel.send(map,object :BasicMessageChannel.Reply<Any>{ override fun reply(reply: Any?) { } }) } }, 0, 1000) } override fun onMessage(message: Any?, reply: BasicMessageChannel.Reply<Any>) { val name = (message as Map<String, Any>)["name"] val age = (message as Map<String, Any>)["age"] var map = mapOf("name" to "hello,$name", "age" to "$age" ) reply.reply(map) } }注意:Android 端发送数据要在主现场中调用,即:
activity.runOnUiThread { var map = mapOf("count" to count++) channel.invokeMethod("timer", map) }启动修改如下:
class MainActivity : FlutterActivity() { override fun configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine: FlutterEngine) { super.configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine) BasicMessageChannelDemo(this,flutterEngine.dartExecutor.binaryMessenger) flutterEngine.plugins.add(MyPlugin()) } }iOS 端启动定时器代码如下:
import Flutter import UIKit public class BasicMessageChannelDemo { var channel:FlutterBasicMessageChannel var count = 0 init(messenger: FlutterBinaryMessenger) { channel = FlutterBasicMessageChannel(name: "com.flutter.guide.BasicMessageChannel", binaryMessenger: messenger) channel.setMessageHandler { (message, reply) in if let dict = message as? Dictionary<String, Any> { let name:String = dict["name"] as? String ?? "" let age:Int = dict["age"] as? Int ?? -1 reply(["name":"hello,\(name)","age":age]) } } startTimer() } func startTimer() { var timer = Timer.scheduledTimer(timeInterval:1, target: self, selector:#selector(self.tickDown),userInfo:nil,repeats: true) } @objc func tickDown(){ count += 1 var args = ["count":count] channel.sendMessage(args) { (reply) in } } }老孟Flutter博客(330个控件用法+实战入门系列文章):http://laomengit.com
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