通过域名解析能IP地址;反之,IP地址解析成域名,完成地址转换 -------------- DNS域名解析

it2025-07-08  6

DNS域名解析 ---- 设置主从域名服务器

环境安装要求环境安装步骤开始配置主从域名服务器开始从域名服务器配置测试机进行测试

环境安装要求

1、设置 yum 源 永久挂载 2、安装三台虚拟机;一台主域名服务器;一台从域名服务器;一台测试机 3、虚拟和真机防火墙关闭、核心防护关闭 (三台都需要关) 4BIND包安装:bind ;bind-utils ;bind-libs ;bind-chroot (安装命令:yum -y install bind bind-utils bind-libs bind-chroot)

环境安装步骤

(对应序号进行安装) 1、yum源永久挂载配置: 虚拟机光盘勾上已连接 mount /dev/cdrom /mnt ### 设置挂载点 df -Th ###查看挂载点 cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ mkdir backup mv C* backup/ cp backup/CentOS-Base.repo local.repo vi local.repo ####36dd:删除其他内容,并找到以下内容,更改如下 [centos] name=CentOS #####名称 baseurl=file:///mnt #####在/mnt文件下查找 gpgcheck=0 #####0:不检验 enabled=1 #####1:开启服务 #gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 yum clean all ###清空yum缓存 yum makecache ###开启本地 yum缓存 vi /etc/fstable ###永久挂载 ; 最后添加 /dev/cdrom /mnt iso9660 defaults 0 0 234、 安装虚拟机;关闭防火墙核心防护 ; 安装bind 虚拟机安装:配置好IP地址;并重启网卡;ifconfig 查看下 关闭防火墙及核心防护命令: systemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld vi /etc/selinux/config 更改 SELINUX=enforcing 为 SELINUX=disable bind包安装 :yum -y install bind bind-utils bind-libs bind-chroot

开始配置主从域名服务器

全局配置 vi /etc/named.conf options { listen-on port 53 { 20.0.0.11; }; listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; }; forwarders { 8.8.8.8; 114.114.114.114; }; directory "/var/named"; dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"; allow-query { any; }; 特定DNS区域配置 vi /etc/named.rfc1912.zones 添加正向解析: zone "bdqn.com" IN { type master; file "bdqn.com.zone"; allow-transfer { 20.0.0.12; }; also-notify { 20.0.0.12; }; }; 添加反向解析: zone "0.0.20.in-addr.arpa" IN { type master; file "20.0.0.arpa"; allow-transfer { 20.0.0.12; }; also-notify { 20.0.0.12; }; }; 编辑域名 vi /var/named/bdqn.com.zone 添加: $TTL 1D @ IN SOA bdqn.com. admin.bdqn.com. ( 0 ;serial 1D ;refresh 1H ;retry 1W ;expire 3H ) ;minimum NS @ A 192.168.11.119 www IN A 192.168.11.119 ftp IN A 192.168.11.118 mail IN CNAME www 更改属主:chown named:named /var/named/bdqn.come.zone 编辑ip vi /var/named/20.0.0.arpa 添加: $TTL 1D @ IN SOA bdqn.com. admin.bdqn.com.zone. ( 1 ;serial 1D ;refresh 1H ;retry 1W ;expire 3H ) ;minimum NS bdqn.com. A 20.0.0.100 119 IN PTR www.bdqn.com. 120 IN PTR ftp.bdqn.com. 121 IN PTR bbs.bdqn.com. 更改属主:chown named:named /var/named/20.0.0.arpa 语法检测 进行语法检查:named-checkconf -z /etc/named.conf 重启named: systemctl restart named

开始从域名服务器配置

全局配置 vi /etc/named.conf options { listen-on port 53 { 20.0.0.12; }; listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; }; directory "/var/named"; dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"; allow-query { any; }; 特定DNS区域配置 vi /etc/named.rfc1912.zones 添加正向解析: zone "bdqn.com" IN { type slave; masters { 20.0.0.11; }; allow-notify { 20.0.0.11; }; file "slaves/bdqn.com.zone"; }; 添加反向解析: zone "0.0.20.in-addr.arpa" IN { type slave; masters { 20.0.0.11; }; allow-notify { 20.0.0.11; }; file "slaves/20.0.0.arpa"; }; 检测 查看文件中无数据: ll /var/named/slaves/ 开启named:systemctl start named 再次查看文件中有数据: ll命令
测试机进行测试
vi /etc/resolv.conf #nameserver 20.0.0.11 ###谁测,另外一条添加#号 nameserver 20.0.0.12 测试:正向解析 [root@localhost ~]# nslookup www.bdqn.com Server: 20.0.0.12 Address: 20.0.0.12#53 Name: www.bdqn.com Address: 192.168.11.119 [root@localhost ~]# nslookup ftp.bdqn.com Server: 20.0.0.12 Address: 20.0.0.12#53 Name: ftp.bdqn.com Address: 192.168.11.118 测试:反向解析 [root@localhost ~]# nslookup 20.0.0.119 Server: 20.0.0.12 Address: 20.0.0.12#53 119.0.0.20.in-addr.arpa name = www.bdqn.com. [root@localhost ~]# nslookup 20.0.0.120 Server: 20.0.0.12 Address: 20.0.0.12#53 120.0.0.20.in-addr.arpa name = ftp.bdqn.com.
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