tomcat 详情介绍与部署

it2025-02-02 10

1，部署tomcat

安装JDK

JDK下载面页： http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html 下载jdk1.8到服务器。安装jdk [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# tar xzf jdk-8u191-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# cd /usr/local/ [root@java-tomcat1 local]# mv jdk1.8.0_191/ java 设置环境变量: [root@java-tomcat1 local]# vim /etc/profile.d/jdk.sh export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java #指定java安装目录 export PATH=$ JAVA_HOME/bin:$ JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$ PATH #用于指定java系统查找命令的路径 $后面的空格要删掉 export CLASSPATH=.: $ JAVA_HOME/lib:$ JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$ JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar #类的路径，在编译运行java程序时，如果有调用到其他类的时候，在classpath中寻找需要的类。检测JDK是否安装成功: #第一个$前面有个空格要要删掉 $后面的空格要删掉 [root@java-tomcat1 local]# source /etc/profile.d/jdk.sh [root@java-tomcat1 local]# java -version java version “1.8.0_191” Java™ SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_191-b12) Java HotSpot™ 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.191-b12, mixed mode)

安装Tomcat

[root@java-tomcat1 ~]# mkdir /data/application -p [root@java-tomcat1 src]# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.49/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.49.tar.gz [root@java-tomcat1 ]# tar xzf apache-tomcat-8.5.49.tar.gz -C /data/application/ [root@java-tomcat1 ]# cd /data/application/ [root@java-tomcat1 application]# mv apache-tomcat-8.5.49/ tomcat 设置环境变量: [root@java-tomcat1 application]# vim /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh export TOMCAT_HOME=/data/application/tomcat #指定tomcat的安装目录 export PATH=$ TOMCAT_HOME/bin:$PATH #设置环境变量 $后面有个空格要去掉 [root@java-tomcat1 application]# source /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh #使你设置的环境变量生效查看tomcat是否安装成功: [root@java-tomcat1 tomcat]# /data/application/tomcat/bin/version.sh #没有设置环境变量就要用绝对路径去查看version.sh，如设置环境了可以直version.sh Using CATALINA_BASE: /data/application/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /data/application/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /data/application/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk Using CLASSPATH: /data/application/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/data/application/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Server version: Apache Tomcat/8.5.49 Server built: Nov 17 2019 18:45:30 UTC Server number: 8.5.49.0 OS Name: Linux OS Version: 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64 Architecture: amd64 JVM Version: 1.8.0_211-b12 JVM Vendor: Oracle Corporation

Tomcat的管理

启动程序 #/data/application/tomcat/bin/startup.sh #启动如设置环境变量了可以直接startup.sh 关闭程序 #/data/application/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh #关闭

设置环境变量: [root@java-tomcat1 application]# vim /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh export TOMCAT_HOME=/data/application/tomcat #指定tomcat的安装目录 export PATH=$ TOMCAT_HOME/bin:$PATH #设置环境变量 $后面有个空客要去掉 [root@java-tomcat1 application]# source /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh #使你设置的环境变量生效

检查tomcat是否启动正常

[root@java-tomcat1 bin]# netstat -lntp |grep java tcp6 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 30560/java tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:8005 :::* LISTEN 30560/java tcp6 0 0 :::8009 :::* LISTEN 30560/java

端口:

8005：这个端口负责监听关闭Tomcat的请求 shutdown:向以上端口发送的关闭服务器的命令字符串。 8009: 与其他http服务通信接口。 8080: 建立http也就是客户端访问连接用。可以修改

启动完成浏览器进行访问 tomcat 配置管理页面(了解)

[root@tomcat ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/tomcat-users.xml <role rolename="manager-gui"/> <role rolename="manager-script"/> <role rolename="admin-gui"/> <role rolename="admin-script"/> <user username="user" password="password" roles="tomcat,manager-gui,manager-script,admin-gui,admin-script"/>

[root@tomcat ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/host-manager/META-INF/context.xml [root@tomcat ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/manager/META-INF/context.xml #内容均修改为如下图片，然后重启tomcat 2，WEB站点部署

上线的代码有两种方式：第一种方式是直接将程序目录放在webapps目录下面，这种方式大家已经明白了，就不多说了。第二种方式是使用开发工具将程序打包成war包，然后上传到webapps目录下面。

1、使用war包部署web站点下载jenkins的war包 [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# wget http://updates.jenkins-ci.org/download/war/2.129/jenkins.war [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# ls jenkins.war [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# cd /data/application/tomcat #进入tomcat目录 [root@java-tomcat1 tomcat]# cp -r webapps/ /opt/ #将原来的发布网站目录备份 [root@java-tomcat1 tomcat]# cd webapps/ [root@java-tomcat1 webapps]# ls docs examples host-manager manager ROOT [root@java-tomcat1 webapps]# rm -rf * #清空发布网站里面的内容 [root@java-tomcat1 webapps]# cp /root/jenkins.war . #将war包拷贝到当前目录 [root@java-tomcat1 webapps]# …/bin/startup.sh #启动 Using CATALINA_BASE: /data/application/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /data/application/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /data/application/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/java Using CLASSPATH: /data/application/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/data/application/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Tomcat started. [root@java-tomcat1 webapps]# ls jenkins jenkins.war

二、手动解压: [root@java-tomcat1 webapps]# …/bin/shutdown.sh #关闭tomcat [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# cd /data/application/tomcat/webapps/ [root@java-tomcat1 webapps]# rm -rf * [root@java-tomcat1 webapps]# mkdir ROOT #创建一个ROOT目录存放war包 [root@java-tomcat1 webapps]# ls ROOT [root@java-tomcat1 webapps]# cd ROOT/ [root@java-tomcat1 ROOT]# cp /root/jenkins.war . [root@java-tomcat1 ROOT]# unzip jenkins.war 浏览器访问：http://192.168.1.7:8080/jenkins

3、部署开源站点（jspgou商城）第一个里程碑：安装配置数据库 [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@java-tomcat1 yum.repos.d]# vim mysql-community.repo 注意enabled中0表示关闭，1表示开启修改如下安装 [root@java-tomcat1 yum.repos.d]# yum -y install mysql-server mysql [root@java-tomcat1 yum.repos.d]# cd [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# systemctl start mysqld [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# systemctl enable mysqld 查找密码并修改密码 [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# grep pass /var/log/mysqld.log #过滤查找密码 2019-07-05T15:57:15.294365Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: %6yx817IeX-J [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# mysqladmin -u root -p’%6yx817IeX-J’ password ‘QianFeng@123’ #修改密码配置数据库 [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# mysql -u root -p’QianFeng@123’ mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.

Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create database jspgou default charset=utf8; #创建数据库设置字符集 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit Bye

第二个里程碑：jspgou商城上线上传jspgou商城的代码 [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# unzip jspgouV6.1-ROOT.zip [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# cp -r ROOT/ /data/application/tomcat/webapps/ [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# cd /data/application/tomcat/webapps/ [root@java-tomcat1 webapps]# ls ROOT [root@java-tomcat1 webapps]# vim ROOT/WEB-INF/config/jdbc.properties 配置数据库连接----jdbc

将数据导入数据库: [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# cd DB/ [root@java-tomcat1 DB]# ls jspgou.sql [root@java-tomcat1 DB]# mysql -uroot -p’QianFeng@123’ -D jspgou < jspgou.sql mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. ERROR 1067 (42000) at line 97: Unknown error 1067 #如出现这个报错执行下面这个命令

[root@java-tomcat1 DB]# vim /etc/my.cnf ----添加sql_mod sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUB explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=1

[root@java-tomcat1 DB]# systemctl restart mysqld [root@java-tomcat1 DB]# mysql -uroot -p’QianFeng@123’ -D jspgou < jspgou.sql 启动tomcat访问: [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# /data/application/tomcat/bin/startup.sh [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# netstat -lntp #查看端口

访问:http://192.168.1.7:8080/

4，Tomcat多实例配置 *多实例（多进程）：同一个程序启动多次，分为两种情况: 第一种：一台机器跑多个站点；第二种：一个机器跑一个站点多个实例，配合负载均衡 1、复制程序文件 [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# cd /data/application/ [root@java-tomcat1 application]# ls tomcat [root@java-tomcat1 application]# cp -r tomcat/ tomcat_2 [root@java-tomcat1 application]# ls tomcat tomcat_2 修改端口，以启动多实例。多实例之间端口不能一致 [root@java-tomcat1 application]# sed -i ‘s#8005#8011#;s#8080#8081#’ tomcat/conf/server.xml [root@java-tomcat1 application]# sed -i ‘s#8005#8012#;s#8080#8082#’ tomcat_2/conf/server.xml [root@java-tomcat1 application]# sed -i ‘s#8009#8019#’ tomcat/conf/server.xml [root@java-tomcat1 application]# sed -i ‘s#8009#8029#’ tomcat_2/conf/server.xml [root@java-tomcat1 application]# diff tomcat/conf/server.xml tomcat_2/conf/server.xml #对比文件不同之处启动tomcat多实例 [root@java-tomcat1 application]# cp -r /opt/webapps/ROOT/ tomcat/webapps/ [root@java-tomcat1 application]# cp -r /opt/webapps/ROOT/ tomcat_2/webapps/ [root@java-tomcat1 application]# echo 8081 >> tomcat/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp [root@java-tomcat1 application]# echo 8082 >> tomcat_2/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp 启动： [root@java-tomcat1 application]# cd /data/application/tomcat_2/bin/ [root@java-tomcat1 bin]# vim start.sh #!/bin/bash #tomcat_2 export CATALINA_BASE="/data/application/tomcat_2"

case “$1” in

start) $CATALINA_BASE/bin/startup.sh ;; stop) $CATALINA_BASE/bin/shutdown.sh esac [root@java-tomcat1 bin]# chmod +x start #修改catalina.sh —添加如下内容 [root@java-tomcat1 bin]# vim catalina.sh CATALINA_HOME=/data/application/tomcat_2 #添加的环境变量注意修改 [root@java-tomcat1 bin]# cd /data/application/tomcat/bin/ [root@java-tomcat1 bin]# vim start.sh #!/bin/bash #tomcat export CATALINA_BASE="/data/application/tomcat"

case “$1” in

start) $CATALINA_BASE/bin/startup.sh ;; stop) $CATALINA_BASE/bin/shutdown.sh esac [root@java-tomcat1 bin]# chmod +x start.sh [root@java-tomcat1 bin]# vim /data/application/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh CATALINA_HOME=/data/application/tomcat #如果多实例部署使用JDK版本不同，修改catalina.sh再这里定义java 启动: [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# /data/application/tomcat/bin/start.sh start [root@java-tomcat1 ~]# /data/application/tomcat_2/bin/start.sh start

在浏览器访问，进行测试检查多实例的启动 http://192.168.50.114:8081/ http://192.168.50.114:8082/

5，tomcat反向代理集群 yum安装nginx [root@nginx-proxy yum.repos.d]# yum install nginx -y [root@nginx-proxy ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf server { listen 80; server_name localhost; access_log /var/log/nginx/proxy.access.log main; upstream testweb { server 192.168.50.114:8081 weight=1 max_fails=1 fail_timeout=2s; server 192.168.50.114:8082 weight=1 max_fails=1 fail_timeout=2s; } location / { proxy_pass http://testweb; proxy_set_header Host $h o s t :$ server_port; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/html; } }

启动nginx [root@nginx-proxy ~]# systemctl start nginx

在浏览器上进行访问测试 http://192.168.50.118/

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