Android流式布局实现

it2025-01-10  4

Android流式布局实现

通过辛勤工作获得财富才是人生的大快事。

如何通过代码实现类似于一个一个的textview控件放入父控件中,如果一行放不下自动换行呢?今天我们就来实现这个效果,本文的目的旨在了解其原理,如果需要应用到时间项目中还需完善,废话不多说上图!

1.创建一个类继承自ViewGroup

这里重写下列几个方法,FlowLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs)用于再布局文件中使用;LayoutParams generateDefaultLayoutParams()、LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(LayoutParams p)、LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(AttributeSet attrs)用于获取布局文件中设置的margin;generateLayoutParams(AttributeSet attrs)用于获取测量模式和父布局的大小;onLayout用于摆列子view

public class FlowLayout extends ViewGroup { private static final String TAG = "FlowLayout"; public FlowLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); } @Override protected LayoutParams generateDefaultLayoutParams() { return new MarginLayoutParams(LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT); } @Override protected LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(LayoutParams p) { return new MarginLayoutParams(p); } @Override public LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(AttributeSet attrs) { return new MarginLayoutParams(getContext(),attrs); } @Override protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec); } @Override protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) { } }

2.创建布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context=".MainActivity"> <com.ruibetter.customview.view.FlowLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent" app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" android:background="#ff00ff" > <TextView style="@style/text_flag_01" android:background="@drawable/flag_03" android:text="Welcome" android:textColor="#43BBE7" /> <TextView style="@style/text_flag_01" android:background="@drawable/flag_03" android:text="IT工程师" android:textColor="#43BBE7" /> <TextView style="@style/text_flag_01" android:background="@drawable/flag_03" android:text="我真是可以的" android:textColor="#43BBE7" /> <TextView style="@style/text_flag_01" android:background="@drawable/flag_03" android:text="你觉得呢" android:textColor="#43BBE7" /> <TextView style="@style/text_flag_01" android:background="@drawable/flag_03" android:text="不要只知道挣钱" android:textColor="#43BBE7" /> <TextView style="@style/text_flag_01" android:background="@drawable/flag_03" android:text="努力ing" android:textColor="#43BBE7" /> <TextView style="@style/text_flag_01" android:background="@drawable/flag_03" android:text="I thick i can" android:textColor="#43BBE7" /> <TextView style="@style/text_flag_01" android:background="@drawable/flag_03" android:text="不要只知道" android:textColor="#43BBE7" /> <TextView style="@style/text_flag_01" android:background="@drawable/flag_03" android:text="努力ing" android:textColor="#43BBE7" /> </com.ruibetter.customview.view.FlowLayout> </android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

其中抽取公共属性到style和drawable里面的一个shape

<style name="text_flag_01"> <item name="android:layout_width">wrap_content</item> <item name="android:layout_height">wrap_content</item> <item name="android:layout_margin">4dp</item> </style> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" > <solid android:color="#FFFFFF" > </solid> <corners android:radius="40dp"/> <padding android:bottom="2dp" android:left="10dp" android:right="10dp" android:top="2dp" /> </shape>

3.测量布局

@Override protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec); //获取测量模式,这里有三种模式 //wrap_content-> MeasureSpec.AT_MOST //match_parent -> MeasureSpec.EXACTLY //具体值 -> MeasureSpec.EXACTLY int widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec); int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec); //获取布局控件的宽高,这里我们设置的宽位match_parent所以宽位手机屏幕的宽,高我们设置的是wrap_content这里测量出来的 //是手机屏幕的高,当然我们不会用这里的高,我们要实际子view个数算出高。 int measureWidth = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec); int measureHeight = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec); //定义每一行的宽,循环子view累加 int lineWidth = 0; //定义每一行的高度即子view的高度 int lineHeight = 0; //定义父容器的宽度,其实这里感觉没必要设置 int width = 0; //这里下面循环子view出来的总共布局的高度 int height = 0; //获取所有子view并循环 int childCount = getChildCount(); for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) { //获取view View childAt = getChildAt(i); //测量子view这里一定要先测量,再调用childAt.getMeasuredWidth()和childAt.getMeasuredHeight() //还有在onlayout结束后才可以调用getWidth()和getHeight() measureChild(childAt,widthMeasureSpec,heightMeasureSpec); //这里就取到了重写marginLayoutParams的那几个方法获取布局文件中的margin MarginLayoutParams lp = null; if(childAt.getLayoutParams() instanceof MarginLayoutParams){ lp = (MarginLayoutParams) childAt.getLayoutParams(); }else{ lp = new MarginLayoutParams(0,0); } //获取子view的宽+左右外边距 int childWidth = childAt.getMeasuredWidth()+lp.leftMargin+lp.rightMargin; //获取子view的高+上下外边距 int childHeight = childAt.getMeasuredHeight()+lp.topMargin+lp.bottomMargin; //一列中累加的宽度也就是linewidth+这次子view的宽度如果超过了, int measureWidth = //MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);就让其换行。 if(lineWidth+childWidth>measureWidth){ //width就等于一列累加的宽度,这里如果布局文件中设置的是match_parent这里其实没啥用 width = lineWidth; //行高累加 height+=lineHeight; //将换行的的这个view的宽高,也就是下一行的第一个view赋值宽和高 lineWidth = childWidth; lineHeight = childHeight; }else{ //如果已将累加的列宽+本次的子view的宽不大于measureWidth那就宽度lineWidth+=childWidth; //高度的话取行高和本次子view中偏高的,由于我们布局文件中设置的子view高度都是一样的所有这一句也没什么用。 lineHeight = Math.max(lineHeight,childHeight); lineWidth+=childWidth; } //最后一个元素,将行高+本次子view的高度。这个地方开始我也有点迷糊,最后还是断点一步步执行才明白过来,如果这里不判断是否是最后一行的话,循环完成后是少加了一次行高的,最后一行的view永远显示不出来。 if (i == childCount -1){ height += lineHeight; width = Math.max(width,lineWidth); } } //重新设置本父容器测量过后的结果,三元运算判断是哪种模式,用width还是measureWidth setMeasuredDimension((widthMode==MeasureSpec.EXACTLY)?measureWidth:width,(heightMode==MeasureSpec.EXACTLY)?measureHeight:height); }

4.子view排列

@Override protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) { //还是先获取所有的子view int count = getChildCount(); //定义列宽 int lineWidth = 0; //定义行高 int lineHeight = 0; //定义上、左边距 int top = 0,left=0; for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { View childAt = getChildAt(i); MarginLayoutParams layoutParams = (MarginLayoutParams) childAt.getLayoutParams(); //因为onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec)方法已经执行完,所有这里我们可以直接调用 //子view的宽+左右边距 int childWidth = childAt.getMeasuredWidth()+layoutParams.leftMargin+layoutParams.rightMargin; int childHeight = childAt.getMeasuredHeight()+layoutParams.topMargin+layoutParams.bottomMargin; //这里的if判断和onMeasure中是一样的逻辑,不再赘述 if(childWidth+lineWidth>getMeasuredWidth()){ //累加top top+=lineHeight; //因为换行了left置为0 left = 0; lineHeight = childHeight; lineWidth = childWidth; }else{ lineHeight = Math.max(lineHeight,childHeight); //行宽累加 lineWidth+=childWidth; } //计算子view的左、上、右、下的值 int lc = left+layoutParams.leftMargin; int tc = top+layoutParams.topMargin; //右边就等于自己的宽+左边的边距即lc int rc = lc+childAt.getMeasuredWidth(); //底部逻辑同上 int bc = tc+childAt.getMeasuredHeight(); //布局 childAt.layout(lc,tc,rc,bc); //这一句很重要,因为一行中有多个view,所有left是累加的关系。 left+=childWidth; } }

到这里流式布局就讲完了,文中就是所有的代码,可以粘贴下来跑一跑。

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