MySQL-50道入门练习

it2024-11-29  3

MySQL 经典50题

文章目录

MySQL 经典50题1. 训练数据库2. 50题目3. 解题

两天累计花了6个小时。黄色背景都不是自己独立解答出来的,自己写的语句都是笨办法,便于以后复习。

1. 训练数据库

--创建测试数据 -- 学生表 create table Student( S varchar(10), Sname varchar(10), Sage datetime, Ssex nvarchar(10) ) ; insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男'); insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男'); insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-05-20' , '男'); insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-08-06' , '男'); insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女'); insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-03-01' , '女'); insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-07-01' , '女'); insert into Student values('09' , '张三' , '1990-12-20', '女'); insert into Student values('10' , '李四' , '1990-01-20' , '女'); insert into Student values('11' , '李四' , '1990-01-20' , '女'); insert into Student values('12' , '赵六' , '1990-01-20' , '女'); insert into Student values('13' , '孙七' , '1990-01-20' , '女'); insert into Student values('14' , '王八' , '1990-10-23' , '男'); insert into Student values('15' , '留九' , '1990-10-29' , '男'); insert into Student values('16' , '苟十' , '1990-11-05' , '男'); --成绩表 create table SC( S varchar(10), C varchar(10), score decimal(18,1) ); insert into SC values('01' , '01' , 80); insert into SC values('01' , '02' , 90); insert into SC values('01' , '03' , 99); insert into SC values('02' , '01' , 70); insert into SC values('02' , '02' , 60); insert into SC values('02' , '03' , 80); insert into SC values('03' , '01' , 80); insert into SC values('03' , '02' , 80); insert into SC values('03' , '03' , 80); insert into SC values('04' , '01' , 50); insert into SC values('04' , '02' , 30); insert into SC values('04' , '03' , 20); insert into SC values('05' , '01' , 76); insert into SC values('05' , '02' , 87); insert into SC values('06' , '01' , 31); insert into SC values('06' , '03' , 34); insert into SC values('07' , '02' , 89); insert into SC values('07' , '03' , 98); --课程表 create table Course( C varchar(10), Cname varchar(10), T varchar(10) ); insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02'); insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01'); insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03'); --教师表 create table Teacher( T varchar(10), Tname varchar(10) ); insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三'); insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四'); insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');

2. 50题目

查询" 01 “课程比” 02 "课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数

1.1 查询同时存在" 01 “课程和” 02 “课程的情况 1.2 查询存在” 01 “课程但可能不存在” 02 “课程的情况(不存在时显示为 null ) 1.3 查询不存在” 01 “课程但存在” 02 "课程的情况

查询平均成绩大于等于 60 分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩

查询在 SC 表存在成绩的学生信息

查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩(没成绩的显示为 null )

4.1 查有成绩的学生信息

查询「李」姓老师的数量

查询学过「张三」老师授课的同学的信息

查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息

查询至少有一门课与学号为" 01 “的同学所学相同的同学的信息

查询和” 01 “号的同学学习的课程 完全相同的其他同学的信息

查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名

查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号,姓名及其平均成绩

检索” 01 "课程分数小于 60,按分数降序排列的学生信息

按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩

查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分:

以如下形式显示:课程 ID,课程 name,最高分,最低分,平均分,及格率,中等率,优良率,优秀率 及格为>=60,中等为:70-80,优良为:80-90,优秀为:>=90 要求输出课程号和选修人数,查询结果按人数降序排列,若人数相同,按课程号升序排列

按各科成绩进行排序,并显示排名, Score 重复时保留名次空缺

查询学生的总成绩,并进行排名,总分重复时保留名次空缺

统计各科成绩各分数段人数:课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[60-0] 及所占百分比

查询各科成绩前三名的记录

查询每门课程被选修的学生数

查询出只选修两门课程的学生学号和姓名

查询男生、女生人数

查询名字中含有「风」字的学生信息

查询同名同性学生名单,并统计同名人数

查询 1990 年出生的学生名单

查询每门课程的平均成绩,结果按平均成绩降序排列,平均成绩相同时,按课程编号升序排列

查询平均成绩大于等于 85 的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩

查询课程名称为「数学」,且分数低于 60 的学生姓名和分数

查询所有学生的课程及分数情况(存在学生没成绩,没选课的情况)

查询任何一门课程成绩在 70 分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数

查询不及格的课程

查询课程编号为 01 且课程成绩在 80 分以上的学生的学号和姓名

求每门课程的学生人数

成绩不重复,查询选修「张三」老师所授课程的学生中,成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩

成绩有重复的情况下,查询选修「张三」老师所授课程的学生中,成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩

查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学生编号、课程编号、学生成绩

查询每门功成绩最好的前两名

统计每门课程的学生选修人数(超过 5 人的课程才统计)。

检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号

查询选修了全部课程的学生信息

查询各学生的年龄,只按年份来算

按照出生日期来算,当前月日 < 出生年月的月日则,年龄减一

查询本周过生日的学生

查询下周过生日的学生

查询本月过生日的学生

查询下月过生日的学生

3. 解题

查询" 01 “课程比” 02 "课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数

select a.Sname as 姓名,b.score '01', c.score '02' from student a join (select * from sc where CId='01')as b on a.SId=b.SId join (select * from sc where CId='02') as c on b.SId=C.SId where b.score = c.score;

1.1 查询同时存在" 01 “课程和” 02 "课程的情况

select a.Sname as 姓名,b.score '01', c.score '02' from student a join (select * from sc where CId='01')as b on a.SId=b.SId join (select * from sc where CId='02') as c on b.SId=C.SId;

1.2 查询存在" 01 “课程但可能不存在” 02 "课程的情况(不存在时显示为 null )

select a.Sname as 姓名,b.score '01', c.score '02' from student a join (select * from sc where CId='01')as b on a.SId=b.SId left join (select * from sc where CId='02') as c on b.SId=C.SId;

1.3 查询不存在" 01 “课程但存在” 02 "课程的情况

select a.Sname as 姓名,b.score '02', c.score '01' from student a join (select * from sc where CId='02')as b on a.SId=b.SId left join (select * from sc where CId='01') as c on b.SId=C.SId;

查询平均成绩大于等于 60 分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩

select a.SId '学生编号', a.Sname '姓名', s.avgSC '平均分' from student a join (select SId, avg(score) 'avgSC' from sc group by SId) as s on a.SId=s.SId where s.avgSC>=60;

查询在 SC 表存在成绩的学生信息

select distinct a.Sname '姓名' from student a right join sc b on a.SID=b.SId;

查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩(没成绩的显示为 null )

select a.SId '编号', a.Sname '姓名', count(b.CId) '选课数', sum(score) '总成绩' from student a left join sc b on a.SId=b.SId group by a.SId, a.Sname;

4.1 查有成绩的学生信息

select a.SId '编号', a.Sname '姓名', count(b.CId) '选课总数', sum(score) '总成绩' from student a join sc b on a.SId=b.SId group by a.SId, a.Sname;

查询「李」姓老师的数量

select count(TId) '人数' from teacher where Tname like '李%';

查询学过「张三」老师授课的同学的信息

select a.SId, a.Sname from student a join sc b on a.SId=b.SId join course c on b.CId=c.CId join teacher d on c.TId=d.TId where d.Tname='张三';

查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息

select a.SId '学生编号', a.Sname '姓名' from student a join (select SId, count(score) 'numSC' from sc group by SId) as s on a.SId=s.SId where s.numSC < 3;

查询至少有一门课与学号为" 01 "的同学所学相同的同学的信息

select distinct a.SId, a.Sname from student a join sc b on a.SId=b.SId where a.SId != '01' and b.CId in (select CId from student a join sc b on a.SId=b.SId where a.SId='01');

查询和" 01 "号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的信息(难倒我了:思路从与01号修相同课程及门数解题)

select * from student where SId in (select sc.SId from (select CId from sc where SId='01')as a join sc on a.CId=sc.CId group by sc.SId having count(*)=(select count(*) from sc where SId='01')) and SId != '01';

查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名

select distinct a.Sname from student a join sc b on a.SId=b.SId join course c on b.CId=c.CId where c.CId not in (select a.CId from sc a join course b on a.CID=b.CId join Teacher c on b.TId=c.TId where c.Tname='张三');

查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号,姓名及其平均成绩

select a.SId, a.Sname, avg(score) '平均分' from student a join sc b on a.SId=b.SId where b.score < 60 group by SId having count(*) >= 2;

检索" 01 "课程分数小于 60,按分数降序排列的学生信息

select a.* from student a join sc b on a.SId=b.SId where b.CId='01' and b.score < 60 order by score desc;

按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩

select a.SId, score, avg from (select SId, avg(score) 'avg' from sc group by SId) as a join sc b on a.SId=b.SId order by a.avg desc;

查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分: 以如下形式显示:课程 ID,课程 name,最高分,最低分,平均分,及格率,中等率,优良率,优秀率 及格为>=60,中等为:70-80,优良为:80-90,优秀为:>=90 要求输出课程号和选修人数,查询结果按人数降序排列,若人数相同,按课程号升序排列

select sc.CId '课程ID', Cname '课程Name', max(score) '最高分', min(score) '最低分', avg(score) '平均分', count(*) '选修人数', sum(case when sc.score >= 60 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*)as '及格率', sum(case when sc.score between 70 and 79 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*) as '中等率', sum(case when sc.score between 80 and 89 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*) as '优良率', sum(case when sc.score>=90 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*) as '优秀率' from sc join course b on sc.CId=b.CId group by sc.CId;

按各科成绩进行排序,并显示排名, Score 重复时保留名次空缺 (只会笨办法)

(select t.*, (select count(score)+1 from (select * from sc where CId='01') s where s.score>t.score) rank from (select * from sc where CId='01') as t order by score desc) union all (select t.*, (select count(score)+1 from (select * from sc where CId='02') s where s.score>t.score) rank from (select * from sc where CId='02') as t order by score desc) union all (select t.*, (select count(score)+1 from (select * from sc where CId='03') s where s.score>t.score) rank from (select * from sc where CId='03') as t order by score desc) order by CId, score desc;

查询学生的总成绩,并进行排名,总分重复时保留名次空缺

select t.SId, t.score, (select count(*)+1 from (select SId, sum(score) 'score' from sc group by SId) as s where s.score>t.score) 'rank' from (select SId, sum(score) 'score' from sc group by SId) as t order by score desc;

统计各科成绩各分数段人数:课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[60-0] 及所占百分比

select a.CId '课程编号', Cname '课程名称', sum(case when score between 0 and 59 then 1 else 0 end) '[60-0]', sum(case when score between 0 and 59 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*) '[60-0]百分比', sum(case when score between 60 and 69 then 1 else 0 end) '[70-60]', sum(case when score between 60 and 69 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*) '[70-60]百分比', sum(case when score between 70 and 84 then 1 else 0 end) '[85-70]', sum(case when score between 70 and 84 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*) '[85-70]百分比', sum(case when score between 85 and 100 then 1 else 0 end) '[100-85]', sum(case when score between 85 and 100 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*) '[100-85]百分比' from sc a join course b on a.CId=b.CId group by a.CId;

查询各科成绩前三名的记录(括号一定不能少)

(select * from sc where CId='01' order by score desc limit 0,3) union all (select * from sc where CId='02' order by score desc limit 0,3) union all (select * from sc where CId='03' order by score desc limit 0,3);

查询每门课程被选修的学生数

select CId, count(SId) '选课人数' from sc group by CId;

查询出只选修两门课程的学生学号和姓名

select a.SId, Sname from sc a join student b on a.SId=b.SId group by SId having count(a.SId)=2;

查询男生、女生人数

select Ssex, count(*) from student group by Ssex;

查询名字中含有「风」字的学生信息

select * from student where Sname like '%风'

查询同名同性学生名单,并统计同名人数

select a.Sname, count(*) '同名人数' from student a join student b on a.Sname=b.Sname where a.SId != b.SId group by a.Sname;

查询 1990 年出生的学生名单

select Sname from student where year(Sage)=1990;

查询每门课程的平均成绩,结果按平均成绩降序排列,平均成绩相同时,按课程编号升序排列

select CId, avg(score) '平均成绩' from sc group by CId order by avg(score) desc,CId;

查询平均成绩大于等于 85 的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩

select a.SId, Sname '姓名', avgSC '平均成绩' from student a join (select SId, avg(score) 'avgSC' from sc group by SId) as b on a.SId=b.SId where b.avgSC >= 85;

查询课程名称为「数学」,且分数低于 60 的学生姓名和分数

select Sname, score from student a join sc b on a.SId=b.SId join course c on b.CId=c.CId where c.Cname='数学' and score < 60;

查询所有学生的课程及分数情况(存在学生没成绩,没选课的情况)

select a.SId, Sname, Cname, score from student a left join sc b on a.SId=b.SId left join course c on b.CId=c.CId;

查询任何一门课程成绩在 70 分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数

select Sname, Cname, score from student a join sc b on a.SId=b.SId join course c on b.CId=c.CId where score > 70;

查询不及格的课程

select Sname, Cname, score from student a join sc b on a.SId=b.SId join course c on b.CId=c.CId where score < 60;

查询课程编号为 01 且课程成绩在 80 分以上的学生的学号和姓名

select a.SId, Sname from student a join sc b on a.SId=b.SId where b.CId='01' and b.score>=80;

求每门课程的学生人数

select CId, count(SId) '人数' from sc group by CId;

成绩不重复,查询选修「张三」老师所授课程的学生中,成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩

select s.*, score from student s join sc b on s.SId=b.SId join course c on b.CId=c.CId join teacher t on t.TId=c.TId where t.Tname='张三' order by score desc limit 0,1;

查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学生编号、课程编号、学生成绩

select DISTINCT a.SId, a.CId, a.score from sc a join sc b on a.score=b.score where a.CId != b.CId;

查询每门功成绩最好的前两名

(select Sname, CId, score from student a join sc b on a.SId=b.SId where b.CId='01' order by score desc limit 0,2) union all (select Sname, CId, score from student a join sc b on a.SId=b.SId where b.CId='02' order by score desc limit 0,2) union all (select Sname, CId, score from student a join sc b on a.SId=b.SId where b.CId='03' order by score desc limit 0,2);

统计每门课程的学生选修人数(超过 5 人的课程才统计)。

select CId, count(SId) '人数' from sc group by CId having count(*)>5;

检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号

select SId from sc group by SId having count(*)>=2;

查询选修了全部课程的学生信息

select a.* from student a join sc b on a.SId=b.SId group by SId having count(*)=(select count(*) from course);

查询各学生的年龄,只按年份来算

select Sname, year(now())-year(Sage) 'year' from student;

按照出生日期来算,当前月日 < 出生年月的月日则,年龄减一

select Sname, (case when month(now())>=month(Sage) then year(now())-year(Sage) else year(now())-year(Sage)-1 end) as 'age' from student;

查询本周过生日的学生

-- A:不全对 select Sname from student where month(Sage)=month(now()) and abs(day(now())-day(Sage)) <7-dayofweek(now()); --B select Sname from student where weekofyear(Sage)=weekofyear(now());

查询下周过生日的学生

select Sname from student where weekofyear(Sage)=weekofyear(now())+1;

查询本月过生日的学生

select Sname from student where month(Sage)=month(now());

查询下月过生日的学生

select Sname from student where month(Sage)=month(now())+1;
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