https://www.cnblogs.com/ss-33/p/10109383.html
格式：alter system|session set events ‘[eventnumber|immediate] trace name eventname [forever] [, level levelnumber] : „„.’ 通过“:”符号，可以连续设置多个事件，也可以通过连续使用alter session set events来设置多个事件。 格式说明： eventnumber指触发dump的事件号，事件号可以是Oracle错误号（出现相应错误时跟踪指定的事件）或oralce内部事件号， 内部事件号在10000到10999之间，不能与immediate关键字同用。 immediate关键字表示命令发出后，立即将指定的结构 dump到跟踪文件中，这个关键字只用在alter session语句中，并且不能与eventnumber、forever关键字同用。 trace name是关键字 eventname指事件名称（见后面），即要进行dump的实际结构名。若eventname为context，则指根据内部事件号进行跟踪。 forever关键字表示事件在实例或会话的周期内保持有效状态，不能与immediate同用。 level为事件级别关键字。但在dump错误栈(errorstack)时不存在级别。 levelnumber表示事件级别号，一般从1到10，1表示只dump结构头部信息，10表示dump结构的所有信息
一.Memory Dumps
1).Global Area
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name global_area level n’;
1 包含PGA 2 包含SGA 4 包含UGA 8 包含indrect memory
2).Library Cache
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name library_cache level n’;
1 library cache统计信息 2 包含hash table histogram 3 包含object handle 4 包含object结构（Heap 0）
3).Row Cache
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name row_cache level n’;
1 row cache统计信息 2 包含hash table histogram 8 包含object结构
4).Buffers
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name buffers level n’;
1 buffer header 2 level 1 + block header 3 level 2 + block contents 4 level 1 + hash chain 5 level 2 + hash chain 6 level 3 + hash chain 8 level 4 + users/waiters 9 level 5 + users/waiters 10 level 6 + users/waiters
5).Buffer
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name buffer level n’;
n为某个指定block的rdba，该命令可以转储某个block在buffer中的所有版本。
6).Heap
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name heapdump level level’;
1 PGA摘要 2 SGA摘要 4 UGA摘要 8 Current call(CGA)摘要 16 User call(CGA)摘要 32 Large call(LGA)摘要 1025 PGA内容 2050 SGA内容 4100 UGA内容 8200 Current call内容 16400 User call内容 32800 Large call内容
7).Sub Heap
Oracle 9.0.1版本之前
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name heapdump_addr level n’;
若n为subheap的地址，转储的是subheap的摘要信息 若n为subheap的地址+1，转储的则是subheap的内容
Oracle 9.2.0版本之后
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name heapdump_addr level n, addr m’;
其中m为subheap的地址
n为1转储subheap的摘要，n为2转储subheap的内容
8).Process State
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name processstate level n’;
9).System State
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name systemstate level n’;
10).Error State
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name errorstack level n’;
0 Error stack 1 level 0 + function call stack 2 level 1 + process state 3 level 2 + context area
11).Hang Analysis
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name hanganalyze level n’;
12).Work Area
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name workareatab_dump level n’;
1 SGA信息 2 Workarea Table摘要信息 3 Workarea Table详细信息
13).Latches
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name latches level n’;
1 latch信息 2 统计信息
14).Events
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name events level n’;
1 session 2 process 3 system
15).Locks
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name locks level n’;
16).Shared Process
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name shared_server_state level n’;
n取值为1~14
17).Background Messages
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name bg_messages level n’;
n为pid+1
二.File Dumps
1).Block
Oracle 7之前
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name blockdump level n’;
n为block的rdba
Oracle8以后
ALTER SYSTEM DUMP DATAFILE file# BLOCK block#;
ALTER SYSTEM DUMP DATAFILE file# BLOCK MIN minimum_block# BLOCK MAX maximum_block#;
2).Tree Dump
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name treedump level n’;
n为object_id
3).Undo Segment Header
ALTER SYSTEM DUMP UNDO_HEADER ‘segment_name’;
4).Undo for a Transaction
ALTER SYSTEM DUMP UNDO BLOCK ‘segment_name’ XID xidusn xidslot xidsqn;
5).File Header
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name file_hdrs level n’;
1 控制文件中的文件头信息 2 level 1 + 文件头信息 3 level 2 + 数据文件头信息 10 level 3
6).Control file
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name controlf level n’;
1 文件头信息 2 level 1 + 信息 + 检查点信息 3 level 2 + 可重用节信息 10 level 3
7).Redo log Header
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name redohdr level n’;
1 控制文件中的redo log信息 2 level 1 + 文件头信息 3 level 2 + 日志文件头信息 10 level 3
8).Redo log
ALTER SYSTEM DUMP LOGFILE ‘FileName’;
ALTER SYSTEM DUMP LOGFILE ‘FileName’ SCN MIN MinimumSCN SCN MAX MaximumSCN TIME MIN MinimumTime TIME MAX MaximumTime LAYER Layer OPCODE Opcode DBA MIN FileNumber . BlockNumber DBA MAX FileNumber . BlockNumber RBA MIN LogFileSequenceNumber . BlockNumber RBA MAX LogFileSequenceNumber . BlockNumber;
其中time = (((((yyyy - 1988)) * 12 + mm - 1) * 31 + dd - 1) * 24 + hh) * 60 + mi)* 60 + ss;
9).Loghist
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘immediate trace name loghist level n’;
1dump控制文件中最早和最迟的日志历史项
1 dump 2^n个日志历史项
Introduction There are four types of numeric events
Immediate dumps Conditional dumps Trace dumps Events that change database behaviour Every event has a number which is in the Oracle error message range e.g. event 10046 is ORA-10046
Each event has one or more levels which can be
range e.g. 1 to 10 bitmask e.g. 0x01 0x02 0x04 0x08 0x10 flag e.g. 0=off; 1=on identifier e.g. object id, memory address etc Note that events change from one release to another. As existing events become deprecated and then obsolete, the event number is frequently reused for a new event. Note also that the message file sometimes does not reflect the events in the current release.
Many events change the behaviour of the database. Some testing events may cause the database to crash. Never set an event on a production database without obtaining permission from Oracle support. In addition, never set an event on a development database without first making a backup.
Enabling Events Events can be enabled at instance level in the init.ora file using
event=’ trace name context forever, level '; Multiple events can be enabled in one of two ways
1 - Use a colon to separate the event text e.g.
event = “10248 trace name context forever, level 10:10249 trace name context forever, level 10” 2 - List events on consecutive lines e.g.
event = “10248 trace name context forever, level 10” event = “10249 trace name context forever, level 10” Note that in some versions of Oracle, the keyword “event” must be in the same case (i.e. always uppercase or always lowercase).
Events can also be enabled at instance level using the ALTER SYSTEM command:
ALTER SYSTEM SET EVENTS ’ trace name context forever, level '; Events are disabled at instance level using:
ALTER SYSTEM SET EVENTS ’ trace name context off’; In Oracle 11.1 and above a more concise syntax is available:
ALTER SYSTEM SET EVENTS ‘10235’; ALTER SYSTEM SET EVENTS ‘10235 level 1’; ALTER SYSTEM SET EVENTS ‘10235 off’; Events can also be enabled at session level using the ALTER SESSION command:
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ’ trace name context forever, level '; Events are disabled at session level using:
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ’ trace name context off’; In Oracle 11.1 and above a more concise syntax is available:
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘10235’; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘10235 level 1’; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS ‘10235 off’; Events can be enabled in other sessions using ORADEBUG
To enable an event in a process use:
ORADEBUG EVEMT LEVEL For example
ORADEBUG EVEMT 10053 LEVEL 1 The default level is 1 so the above can be rewritten as:
ORADEBUG EVEMT 10053 To disable trace again:
ORADEBUG EVEMT 10053 OFF The original syntax still works in Oracle 11g/12c:
To enable an event in a process use:
ORADEBUG EVENT TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL For example to set event 10046, level 12 in Oracle process 8 use
ORADEBUG SETORAPID 8 ORADEBUG EVENT 10046 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 12 To disable an event in a process use:
ORADEBUG EVENT TRACE NAME CONTEXT OFF To enable an event in a session use:
ORADEBUG SESSION_EVENT &;tevent> TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL For example:
ORADEBUG SESSION_EVENT 10046 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 12 To disable an event in a session use:
ORADEBUG SESSION_EVENT TRACE NAME CONTEXT OFF For example:
ORADEBUG SESSION_EVENT 10046 TRACE NAME CONTEXT OFF Events can be also enabled in other sessions using DBMS_SYSTEM.SETEV
The SID and the serial number of the target session must be obtained from V$SESSION.
For example to enable event 10046 level 8 in a session with SID 9 and serial number 29 use:
EXECUTE dbms_system.set_ev (9,29,10046,8,’’); To disable event 10046 in the same session use
EXECUTE dbms_system.set_ev (9,29,10046,0,’’); Listing All Events Most events are numbered in the range 10000 to 10999. To dump all event messages in this range use:
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
DECLARE err_msg VARCHAR2(120); BEGIN dbms_output.enable (1000000); FOR err_num IN 10000…10999 LOOP err_msg := SQLERRM (-err_num); IF err_msg NOT LIKE ‘%Message ‘||err_num||’ not found%’ THEN dbms_output.put_line (err_msg); END IF; END LOOP; END; / On Unix systems event messages are in the formatted text file:
$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msg To print detailed event messages (Unix only) use the following script:
event=10000 while [ $event -ne 10999 ] do event=expr $event + 1 oerr ora $event done Listing Enabled Events To check which events are enabled in the current session:
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON DECLARE l_level NUMBER; BEGIN FOR l_event IN 10000…10999 LOOP dbms_system.read_ev (l_event,l_level); IF l_level > 0 THEN dbms_output.put_line ('Event '||TO_CHAR (l_event)|| ’ is set at level '||TO_CHAR (l_level)); END IF; END LOOP; END; /
