使用SpringBoot实现异步和邮件发送任务

1.实现异步任务

搭建环境，创建一个Springboot项目(添加WEB依赖)

创建一个AsyncService类：

package com.ddf.service; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service public class AsyncService { //创建一个线程方法 public void hello(){ try { //停止3秒钟 Thread.sleep(3000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println("数据正在处理"); } }

3.创建Controller类，实现访问页面：(当我们请求服务器是，首页会调用这个线程方法，停止三秒钟)

package com.ddf.controller; import com.ddf.service.AsyncService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController public class AsyncController { @Autowired AsyncService asyncService; @RequestMapping("/index") public String index(){ asyncService.hello(); //停止三秒，请求网站时会转圈 return "ok"; } }

实现异步功能：添加**@Async**：告诉Spring这是一个异步方法

package com.ddf.controller; import com.ddf.service.AsyncService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController public class AsyncController { @Autowired AsyncService asyncService; //告诉Spring这是一个异步方法 @Async @RequestMapping("/index") public String index(){ asyncService.hello(); //停止三秒，请求网站时会转圈 return "ok"; } }

然后在Springboot启动类上添加：@EnableAsync注解：开启异步功能

package com.ddf; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync; @EnableAsync //开启异步功能 @SpringBootApplication public class SpringbootTestApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SpringbootTestApplication.class, args); } }

2.邮件任务（实现邮件发送）

引入项目jar包

<!--javax.email--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId> </dependency>

配置邮件相关的配置属性

spring.mail.username=814655997@qq.com spring.mail.password=xgevwoibjtudbaij #发送的服务器地址 spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com #开启加密验证 spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.ssl.enabel=true

创建测试类，实现简单的邮件发送

package com.ddf; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.SignatureMethod; @SpringBootTest class SpringbootTestApplicationTests { //调用邮件发送接口 @Autowired JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender; @Test void contextLoads() { //发送一个简单的邮件 //创建一个邮件发送消息对象 SimpleMailMessage mailMessage = new SimpleMailMessage(); //邮件标题 mailMessage.setSubject("ddf你好啊"); //邮件标内容 mailMessage.setText("邮件测试发送"); //发送给谁 mailMessage.setTo("814655997@qq.com"); //服务器地址，类似于pop3服务 mailMessage.setFrom("814655997@qq.com"); //添加需要添加的信息 mailSender.send(mailMessage); } }

实现复杂的邮件发送

@Test void contextLoads2() throws MessagingException { //发送一个复杂的邮件 //创建一个邮件发送对象 MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage(); //组装 MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage,true); //标题 helper.setSubject("ddf你好啊"); //为true时解析html格式 helper.setText("<p style='color:red'>测试第二次发送</p>",true); //添加图片 helper.addAttachment("1.jpg",new File("C:\\Users\\11111\\Desktop\\img\\images\\1.jpg")); helper.addAttachment("2.jpg",new File("C:\\Users\\11111\\Desktop\\img\\images\\1.jpg")); //发送给谁 helper.setTo("814655997@qq.com"); //服务器地址，类似于pop3服务 helper.setFrom("814655997@qq.com"); //添加需要添加的信息 mailSender.send(mimeMessage); }

实现封装成一个方法，可灵活使用

//封装 public void sendMail(Boolean flag,String subject,String text) throws MessagingException { //发送一个复杂的邮件 //创建一个邮件发送对象 MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage(); //组装，为true时支持多文本上传 MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage,flag); //标题 helper.setSubject(subject); //为true时解析html格式 helper.setText(text,true); //添加图片 helper.addAttachment("1.jpg",new File("C:\\Users\\11111\\Desktop\\img\\images\\1.jpg")); helper.addAttachment("2.jpg",new File("C:\\Users\\11111\\Desktop\\img\\images\\1.jpg")); //发送给谁 helper.setTo("814655997@qq.com"); //服务器地址，类似于pop3服务 helper.setFrom("814655997@qq.com"); //添加需要添加的信息 mailSender.send(mimeMessage); }