第1章 zabbix3.0安装部署文档
摘要
本文的安装过程摘自http://www.ttlsa.com/以及http://b.lifec-inc.com ，和站长凉白开的《ZABBIX从入门到精通v3.0.1 - 运维生存时间（2016）》一书。 关于zabbix及相关服务软件版本：
Linux：centos 6.6
nginx：1.9.15
MySQL：5.5.49
PHP：5.5.35
第2章 安装nginx
2.1 安装依赖包
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre* make gd-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel
2.2 创建用户
useradd nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M
2.3 下载nginx软件包并进入到目录中
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.15.tar.gz && tar xvf nginx-1.9.15.tar.gz && cd nginx-1.9.15
2.4 编译
./configure --prefix=/opt/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-pcre
make && make install
参数解释：
--with-http_stub_status_module：支持nginx状态查询
--with-http_ssl_module：支持https
--with-http_spdy_module：支持google的spdy,想了解请百度spdy,这个必须有ssl的支持
--with-pcre：为了支持rewrite重写功能，必须制定pcre
第3章 安装PHP
3.1 下载PHP安装包
wget http://cn2.php.net/get/php-5.5.35.tar.gz/from/this/mirror
3.2 解压并编译
mv mirror php-5.5.35.tar.gz && tar xvf php-5.5.35.tar.gz && cd php-5.5.35
./configure --prefix=/opt/php --with-config-file-path=/opt/php/etc --with-bz2 --with-curl --enable-ftp --enable-sockets --disable-ipv6 --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/opt/ --with-png-dir=/opt/ --with-freetype-dir=/opt/ --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-iconv-dir=/opt/ --enable-mbstring --enable-calendar --with-gettext --with-libxml-dir=/opt/ --with-zlib --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-mysql=mysqlnd --enable-dom --enable-xml --enable-fpm --with-libdir=lib64 --enable-bcmath
make && make install
cp php.ini-production /opt/php/etc/php.ini
cd /opt/php/etc/
cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
3.3 修改php.ini参数
（zabbix环境需要修改的参数）
max_execution_time = 300
memory_limit = 128M
post_max_size = 16M
upload_max_filesize = 2M
max_input_time = 300
date.timezone = PRC
第4章 安装MySQL
4.1 添加mysql用户，创建mysql的数据目录
groupadd mysql
mkdir -pv /opt/mysql/data/
useradd -r -g mysql -d /opt/mysql/data -s /sbin/nologin mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql/data/
4.2 安装cmake及依赖
yum install cmake gcc* ncurses-devel -y
4.3 下载MySQL安装包
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.49.tar.gz
4.4 编译安装MySQL
tar -xvf mysql-5.5.49.tar.gz && cd mysql-5.5.49
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/mysql/data -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
make && make install
chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql
4.5 拷贝mysql的配置文件
cd /opt/mysql/support-files/
cp my-medium.cnf /opt/mysql/data/my.cnf
cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
4.6 初始化MySQL
cd /opt/mysql/scripts
./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql/ --datadir=/opt/mysql/data/
4.7 修改MySQL配置文件my.cnf中数据目录
datadir=/opt/mysql/data/
4.8 启动MySQL
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL... SUCCESS!
4.9 创建zabbix数据库及用户名和密码
mysql> create database zabbix default charset utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@'localhost' identified by 'zabbix';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
| zabbix |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
4.10 如果登录数据库出现问题
mysql
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)
解决办法：
[root@zabbix ~]# ln -s /tmp/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/
4.11 为数据库的root创建密码
mysqladmin -uroot password "zabbix"
第5章 安装zabbix server
5.1 安装zabbix
安装包在百度网盘上
tar zxf zabbix-3.2.5.tar.gz && cd zabbix-3.2.5
编译zabbix：
./configure --prefix=/opt/zabbix/ --enable-server --enable-agent --with-mysql --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl --with-libxml2 --enable-ipv6 --with-ssh2 --enable-java（监控tomcat要加的编译参数）
make && make install
5.2 报错解决
1、故障：
checking for mysql_config... no
configure: error: MySQL library not found
解决：
yum install mysql-devel -y
2、故障：
checking for net-snmp-config... no
configure: error: Invalid Net-SNMP directory - unable to find net-snmp-config
解决：
yum install net-snmp-devel -y
3、报错如下：
checking for SSH2 support... no
configure: error: SSH2 library not found
解决办法：
yum -y install libssh2-devel
4、上面一个报错解决了，继续./configure，又出现如下错误：
checking for LDAP support... no
configure: error: Invalid LDAP directory - unable to find ldap.h
解决办法：
yum -y install openldap openldap-devel
5、缺少相关C/C++编译器：
configure: error: in `/zabbix/zabbix-3.0.4':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
安装C++编译器：
yum install gcc* -y
6、缺少mysql的开发库：
configure: error: MySQL library not found
安装mysql-devel：
yum install mysql-devel -y
7、缺少libxml2的开发库：
configure: error: LIBXML2 library not found
安装libxml2的开发库：
yum install libxml2-devel -y
8、缺少net-snmp以及其安装库：
configure: error: Invalid Net-SNMP directory - unable to find net-snmp-config
安装net-snmp及其安装库：
yum install net-snmp* -y
9、缺少java的开发库：
configure: error: Unable to find "javac" executable in path
安装java的开发库：
yum install java* -y
10、缺少curl的开发库：
configure: error: Curl library not found
安装curl的开发库：
yum install curl-devel -y
5.3 创建zabbix用户
groupadd zabbix
useradd zabbix -s /sbin/nologin -M -g zabbix
5.4 zabbix server需要导入3个sql文件
#进入zabbix解压目录
mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix < database/mysql/schema.sql
mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix < database/mysql/images.sql
mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix < database/mysql/data.sql
第6章 zabbix管理网站配置（nginx）
6.1 创建项目目录
mkdir /data/web/zabbix.lifec.com -p
mkdir /data/logs/zabbix -p
6.2 将前端文件拷贝到项目目录下
#进入zabbix解压目录
cp -rp frontends/php/* /data/web/zabbix.lifec.com/
6.3 编辑nginx虚拟主机
#进入nginx的conf目录
mkdir extra
cd extra/
vim zabbix.conf
server {
listen 8027;
server_name zabbix.lifec.com;
access_log /data/logs/zabbix/zabbix.lifec.com.access.log main;
index index.html index.php index.html;
root /data/web/zabbix.lifec.com;
location /{
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
}
location ~ ^(.+.php)(.*)$ {
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+.php)(.*)$;
include fastcgi.conf;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
}
}
6.4 编辑nginx.conf配置文件
cat nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log warning;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
include extra/*.conf;
}
编辑zabbix_server.conf文件：
vim /opt/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf
LogFile=/tmp/zabbix_server.log
PidFile=/tmp/zabbix_server.pid
DBHost=localhost
DBName=zabbix
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=zabbix
第7章 启动服务
7.1 启动nginx
/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx
7.2 启动PHP
/opt/php/sbin/php-fpm
7.3 启动zabbix server
/opt/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server
如果启动的时候报错
/opt/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server
/opt/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: error while loading shared libraries: libmysqlclient.so.18: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
ln -s /opt/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib64/
7.4 添加/etc/hosts文件
192.168.119.140 zabbix.lifec.com
7.5查看服务端口
netstat -lntup
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1029/sshd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8027 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3730/nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10051 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3743/zabbix_server
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3736/php-fpm
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 24922/mysqld
tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1029/sshd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* 880/dhclient
7.6 将服务加入开机自启动
echo "/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx" >>/etc/rc.local
echo "/opt/php/sbin/php-fpm" >>/etc/rc.local
echo "/etc/init.d/mysqld start" >>/etc/rc.local
echo "/opt/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server" >>/etc/rc.local
7.7 web端配置zabbix
需要下载文件，并上传到指定的服务器目录中。 修改界面为中文界面 默认登录界面为英文： 修改以下配置，并重启服务即可；
vim /data/web/zabbix.lifec.com/include/locales.inc.php
#'zh_CN' => ['name' => _('Chinese (zh_CN)'), 'display' => false],
'zh_CN' => ['name' => _('Chinese (zh_CN)'), 'display' => true],
为了防止图形中的字符出现乱码： 需要自己上传字体： 将选择的字体上传到Linux服务器的zabbix的fonts目录：
/data/web/zabbix.lifec.com/fonts
并修改以下配置：
vim /data/web/zabbix.lifec.com/include/defines.inc.php
define('ZBX_GRAPH_FONT_NAME', 'DejaVuSans'); // font file name
define('ZBX_GRAPH_FONT_NAME', 'simsun'); // font file name ==>此行为新增行；
define('ZBX_FONT_NAME', 'DejaVuSans');
define('ZBX_FONT_NAME', 'simsun'); ==>此行为新增行；
重启服务即可。
第8章 报错处理
8.1 编译错误处理
以下操作可能需要第三方源，参考此进行安装第三方Yum源
rpm -ivh http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/fedora/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm configure: error: Jabber library not found #yum install iksemel-devel即可， configure: error: LIBXML2 library not found #yum install libxml2-devel configure: error: unixODBC library not found #yum install unixODBC-devel configure: error: Invalid OPENIPMI directory - unable to find ipmiif.h #yum install OpenIPMI-devel configure: error: Unable to find "javac" executable in path
#yum install java*
具体什么包没找，直接通配算逑，生产环境可去掉–enable-java选项
configure: error: Curl library not found
#yum install curl-devel
8.2 Web界面报错处理
Cannot create the configuration file.
Details
• Unable to create the configuration file.
Alternatively, you can install it manually:
1. Download the configuration file
2. Save it as "/data/web/zabbix.lifec.com/conf/zabbix.conf.php"
解决方法：已经给出，点击Download the configuration file下载文件，并将其上传到
/data/web/zabbix.lifec.com/conf/zabbix.conf.php
文件内容如下
vim zabbix.conf.php
<?php
// Zabbix GUI configuration file.
global $DB;
$DB['TYPE'] = 'MYSQL';
$DB['SERVER'] = 'localhost';
$DB['PORT'] = '3306';
$DB['DATABASE'] = 'zabbix';
$DB['USER'] = 'zabbix';
$DB['PASSWORD'] = 'zabbix';
// Schema name. Used for IBM DB2 and PostgreSQL.
$DB['SCHEMA'] = '';
$ZBX_SERVER = 'localhost';
$ZBX_SERVER_PORT = '10051';
$ZBX_SERVER_NAME = 'zabbix server';
$IMAGE_FORMAT_DEFAULT = IMAGE_FORMAT_PNG;
