numpy学习(一)

it2023-11-03 75

@1 常量

1.1 numpy.nan

1.2 numpy.inf

1.3 numpy.pi

1.4 numpy.e

2 数据类型

2.1 常见数据类型

2.2 创建数据类型

2.3 数据类型信息

3 时间日期和时间增量

3.1 datetime64 基础

注意： 1秒 = 1000 毫秒（milliseconds） 1毫秒 = 1000 微秒（microseconds）从字符串创建 datetime64 数组时，如果单位不统一，则一律转化成其中最小的单位。

从字符串创建 datetime64 类型时，可以强制指定使用的单位。

从字符串创建 datetime64 类型时，默认情况下，numpy 会根据字符串自动选择对应的单位。

3.2 datetime64 和 timedelta64 运算

timedelta64 表示两个 datetime64 之间的差。timedelta64 也是带单位的，并且和相减运算中的两个 datetime64 中的较小的单位保持一致。

生成 timedelta64时，要注意年（‘Y’）和月（‘M’）这两个单位无法和其它单位进行运算（一年有几天？一个月有几个小时？这些都是不确定的）。

3.3 datetime64 的应用

将指定的偏移量应用于工作日，单位天（‘D’）。计算下一个工作日，如果当前日期为非工作日，默认报错。可以指定 forward 或backward 规则来避免报错。（一个是向前取第一个有效的工作日，一个是向后取第一个有效的工作日

可以指定偏移量为 0 来获取当前日期向前或向后最近的工作日，当然，如果当前日期本身就是工作日，则直接返回当前日期。

4 数组的创建

4.1 1. 依据现有数据来创建 ndarray

4.1.1 （a）通过array()函数进行创建。

4.1.2 （b）通过asarray()函数进行创建

4.1.3 （c）通过fromfunction()函数进行创建

4.2 2. 依据 ones 和 zeros 填充方式

4.2.1 （a）零数组

4.2.2 （b）1数组

4.2.3 （c）空数组

4.2.4 （d）单位数组

4.2.5 （e）对角数组

4.2.6 （f）常数数组

4.3 3. 利用数值范围来创建ndarray

4.4 4. 结构数组的创建

4.4.1 （a）利用字典来定义结构

4.4.2 （b）利用包含多个元组的列表来定义结构

5 数组的属性

6 副本与视图TOC

欢迎使用Markdown编辑器

你好！这是你第一次使用 Markdown编辑器所展示的欢迎页。如果你想学习如何使用Markdown编辑器, 可以仔细阅读这篇文章，了解一下Markdown的基本语法知识。

新的改变

我们对Markdown编辑器进行了一些功能拓展与语法支持，除了标准的Markdown编辑器功能，我们增加了如下几点新功能，帮助你用它写博客：

全新的界面设计，将会带来全新的写作体验；在创作中心设置你喜爱的代码高亮样式，Markdown 将代码片显示选择的高亮样式进行展示；增加了图片拖拽功能，你可以将本地的图片直接拖拽到编辑区域直接展示；全新的 KaTeX数学公式语法；增加了支持甘特图的mermaid语法¹ 功能；增加了多屏幕编辑 Markdown文章功能；增加了焦点写作模式、预览模式、简洁写作模式、左右区域同步滚轮设置等功能，功能按钮位于编辑区域与预览区域中间；增加了检查列表功能。

功能快捷键

撤销：Ctrl/Command + Z 重做：Ctrl/Command + Y 加粗：Ctrl/Command + B 斜体：Ctrl/Command + I 标题：Ctrl/Command + Shift + H 无序列表：Ctrl/Command + Shift + U 有序列表：Ctrl/Command + Shift + O 检查列表：Ctrl/Command + Shift + C 插入代码：Ctrl/Command + Shift + K 插入链接：Ctrl/Command + Shift + L 插入图片：Ctrl/Command + Shift + G 查找：Ctrl/Command + F 替换：Ctrl/Command + G

合理的创建标题，有助于目录的生成

直接输入1次#，并按下space后，将生成1级标题。输入2次#，并按下space后，将生成2级标题。以此类推，我们支持6级标题。有助于使用TOC语法后生成一个完美的目录。

如何改变文本的样式

强调文本强调文本

加粗文本加粗文本

标记文本

删除文本

引用文本

H₂O is是液体。

2¹⁰ 运算结果是 1024.

插入链接与图片

链接: link.

图片:

带尺寸的图片:

居中的图片:

居中并且带尺寸的图片:

当然，我们为了让用户更加便捷，我们增加了图片拖拽功能。

如何插入一段漂亮的代码片

去博客设置页面，选择一款你喜欢的代码片高亮样式，下面展示同样高亮的代码片.

// An highlighted block var foo = 'bar';

生成一个适合你的列表

项目项目项目项目1项目2项目3 计划任务完成任务

创建一个表格

一个简单的表格是这么创建的：

项目Value电脑$1600手机$12导管$1

设定内容居中、居左、居右

使用:---------:居中使用:----------居左使用----------:居右

第一列第二列第三列第一列文本居中第二列文本居右第三列文本居左

SmartyPants

SmartyPants将ASCII标点字符转换为“智能”印刷标点HTML实体。例如：

TYPEASCIIHTMLSingle backticks'Isn't this fun?'‘Isn’t this fun?’Quotes"Isn't this fun?"“Isn’t this fun?”Dashes-- is en-dash, --- is em-dash– is en-dash, — is em-dash

创建一个自定义列表

Markdown Text-to- HTML conversion tool Authors John Luke

如何创建一个注脚

一个具有注脚的文本。²

注释也是必不可少的

Markdown将文本转换为 HTML。

KaTeX数学公式

您可以使用渲染LaTeX数学表达式 KaTeX:

Gamma公式展示 $\Gamma(n) = (n-1)!\quad\forall n\in\mathbb N$ 是通过欧拉积分

$\Gamma(z) = \int_0^\infty t^{z-1}e^{-t}dt\,.$

你可以找到更多关于的信息 LaTeX 数学表达式here.

新的甘特图功能，丰富你的文章

Mon 06 Mon 13 Mon 20 已完成进行中计划一计划二现有任务 Adding GANTT diagram functionality to mermaid 关于甘特图语法，参考这儿,

UML 图表

可以使用UML图表进行渲染。 Mermaid. 例如下面产生的一个序列图：

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.statediagram-cluster.statediagram-cluster-alt .inner{fill:#e0e0e0}#mermaid-svg-AnXfZM5g3Y9DFtm8 .statediagram-cluster .inner{rx:0;ry:0}#mermaid-svg-AnXfZM5g3Y9DFtm8 .statediagram-state rect.basic{rx:5px;ry:5px}#mermaid-svg-AnXfZM5g3Y9DFtm8 .statediagram-state rect.divider{stroke-dasharray:10,10;fill:#efefef}#mermaid-svg-AnXfZM5g3Y9DFtm8 .note-edge{stroke-dasharray:5}#mermaid-svg-AnXfZM5g3Y9DFtm8 .statediagram-note rect{fill:#fff5ad;stroke:#aa3;stroke-width:1px;rx:0;ry:0}:root{--mermaid-font-family: '"trebuchet ms", verdana, arial';--mermaid-font-family: "Comic Sans MS", "Comic Sans", cursive}#mermaid-svg-AnXfZM5g3Y9DFtm8 .error-icon{fill:#522}#mermaid-svg-AnXfZM5g3Y9DFtm8 .error-text{fill:#522;stroke:#522}#mermaid-svg-AnXfZM5g3Y9DFtm8 .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:2px}#mermaid-svg-AnXfZM5g3Y9DFtm8 .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px}#mermaid-svg-AnXfZM5g3Y9DFtm8 .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0}#mermaid-svg-AnXfZM5g3Y9DFtm8 .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3}#mermaid-svg-AnXfZM5g3Y9DFtm8 .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2}#mermaid-svg-AnXfZM5g3Y9DFtm8 .marker{fill:#333}#mermaid-svg-AnXfZM5g3Y9DFtm8 .marker.cross{stroke:#333} :root { --mermaid-font-family: "trebuchet ms", verdana, arial;} #mermaid-svg-AnXfZM5g3Y9DFtm8 { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75); font: ; } 张三李四王五你好！李四, 最近怎么样? 你最近怎么样，王五？我很好，谢谢! 我很好，谢谢! 李四想了很长时间, 文字太长了不适合放在一行. 打量着王五... 很好... 王五, 你怎么样? 张三李四王五

这将产生一个流程图。:

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text{fill:#9370db;stroke:none;font-size:10px;font-family:'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial;font-family:var(--mermaid-font-family)}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT g.stateGroup text{fill:#9370db;fill:#333;stroke:none;font-size:10px}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT g.statediagram-cluster .cluster-label text{fill:#333}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT g.stateGroup .state-title{font-weight:bolder;fill:#000}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT g.stateGroup rect{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370db}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT g.stateGroup line{stroke:#9370db;stroke-width:1}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .transition{stroke:#9370db;stroke-width:1;fill:none}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .stateGroup .composit{fill:white;border-bottom:1px}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .stateGroup .alt-composit{fill:#e0e0e0;border-bottom:1px}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .state-note{stroke:#aa3;fill:#fff5ad}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .state-note text{fill:black;stroke:none;font-size:10px}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .stateLabel .box{stroke:none;stroke-width:0;fill:#ECECFF;opacity:0.7}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .edgeLabel text{fill:#333}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .stateLabel text{fill:#000;font-size:10px;font-weight:bold;font-family:'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial;font-family:var(--mermaid-font-family)}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .node circle.state-start{fill:black;stroke:black}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .node circle.state-end{fill:black;stroke:white;stroke-width:1.5}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT #statediagram-barbEnd{fill:#9370db}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .statediagram-cluster rect{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370db;stroke-width:1px}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .statediagram-cluster rect.outer{rx:5px;ry:5px}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .statediagram-state .divider{stroke:#9370db}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .statediagram-state .title-state{rx:5px;ry:5px}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .statediagram-cluster.statediagram-cluster .inner{fill:white}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .statediagram-cluster.statediagram-cluster-alt .inner{fill:#e0e0e0}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .statediagram-cluster .inner{rx:0;ry:0}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .statediagram-state rect.basic{rx:5px;ry:5px}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .statediagram-state rect.divider{stroke-dasharray:10,10;fill:#efefef}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .note-edge{stroke-dasharray:5}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .statediagram-note rect{fill:#fff5ad;stroke:#aa3;stroke-width:1px;rx:0;ry:0}:root{--mermaid-font-family: '"trebuchet ms", verdana, arial';--mermaid-font-family: "Comic Sans MS", "Comic Sans", cursive}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .error-icon{fill:#522}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .error-text{fill:#522;stroke:#522}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:2px}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .marker{fill:#333}#mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT .marker.cross{stroke:#333} :root { --mermaid-font-family: "trebuchet ms", verdana, arial;} #mermaid-svg-hTNlR2Fxuc0g0GzT { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75); font: ; } 链接长方形圆圆角长方形菱形关于 Mermaid 语法，参考这儿,

FLowchart流程图

我们依旧会支持flowchart的流程图：

Created with Raphaël 2.2.0 开始我的操作确认？结束 yes no 关于 Flowchart流程图语法，参考这儿.

导出与导入

导出

如果你想尝试使用此编辑器, 你可以在此篇文章任意编辑。当你完成了一篇文章的写作, 在上方工具栏找到文章导出，生成一个.md文件或者.html文件进行本地保存。

导入

如果你想加载一篇你写过的.md文件，在上方工具栏可以选择导入功能进行对应扩展名的文件导入，继续你的创作。

mermaid语法说明 ↩︎

注脚的解释 ↩︎

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